Facile synthesis of nanostructured LiMnPO₄ as a high-performance cathode material with long cycle life and superior rate capability

Abstract

Nano-LiMnPO4/C exhibits superior rate capability and long cycling stability, sustaining stable cycling over 500 cycles at 10C.

Deep Eutectic Solvent Synthesis of LiMnPO4/C Nanorods as a Cathode Material for Lithium Ion Batteries

“…As shown in Figure 7 c, the voltage platform gap between the charge and discharge increased with the increase of the charge-discharge rate, which can be ascribed to the increase of electrode polarization [ 31 ]. The charge capacity given in Figure 7 c was greater than the theoretical capacity (170 mAh·g −1 ), which can be ascribed to the side reaction of the electrolyte at high potential [ 16 , 66 ].…”

“…Therefore, many approaches have been carried out to prepare LiMnPO 4 /C with nano-size and nanostructure [30,31,32]. In these adopted approaches, hydrothermal/solvothermal methods have attracted particular attention owing to the controllable synthesis of LiMnPO 4 /C with a special morphology [2,20,21,33,34,35].…”

“…According to previous literature [ 10 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], nanoparticles and nanostructures are beneficial in increasing capacity, as they can effectively shorten the diffusion length of the Li-ion and electron. Therefore, many approaches have been carried out to prepare LiMnPO 4 /C with nano-size and nanostructure [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. In these adopted approaches, hydrothermal/solvothermal methods have attracted particular attention owing to the controllable synthesis of LiMnPO 4 /C with a special morphology [ 2 , 20 , 21 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Large-scale synthesis of Li3V2(PO4)3@C composites by a modified carbothermal reduction method as cathode material for lithium-ion batteries

“…However, its low redox potential (only 3.4 V vs. Li/Li + ), as well as low gravimetric energy density, has become the obstacles for the practical application of LiFePO 4 cathode, although the great progress has been made. Therefore, tremendous efforts have been devoted to developing other lithium transition-metal phosphates with high operating voltages such as LiMnPO 4 ($4.1 V vs. Li/Li + ), 4 LiCoPO 4 ($4.8 V vs. Li/Li + ), 5 LiNiPO 4 ($5.2 V vs. Li/Li + ), 6 and Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 ($4.8 V vs. Li/Li + ). 7 Among them, monoclinic phase Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 with the highest theoretical specic capacity (197 mA h g À1 for complete extraction/ insertion of 3 Li + in redox reactions at the voltage window of 3.0-4.8 V) has been the most widely studied system in recent years due to its high-power density, high operating voltage (4.8 V) 8,9 and natural abundance, 10,11 these advantages make it become highly prospective [12][13][14][15][16] for high-energy LIBs.…”

“…It has been extensively researched for its economical and practical features (such as high electronic conductivity, excellent chemistry/electrochemistry stability, low cost, etc.). 21 It can modify the surface chemistry and form more efficient electron pathways, 4,22,23 so the active materials can be largely utilized at high current rates, 24 and it can also alleviate the growing up and aggregation of Li 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 particles during the high temperature calcination. Additionally, carbon can act as a reducing agent to reduce V 5+ to V 3+ during the reaction process.…”