Facile synthesis of well-defined water-soluble polymers via atom transfer radical polymerization in aqueous media at ambient temperature

“Green” Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: From Process Design to Preparation of Well-Defined Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials

“…This report demonstrating that ATRP could be successfully carried out in the presence of water was followed by a communication describing the ATRP of a charged monomer, sodium methacrylate, 318 in aqueous medium at 90°C. The ATRP of a neutral water soluble methacrylate, poly(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate (MePEOMA), 319 in water was more successful, and it was shown that the reaction was fast even at room temperature (essentially complete monomer conversion within one to several hours). Polymers with relatively low polydispersity were obtained, plausibly due to slow termination of the sterically hindered radicals derived from Me-PEOMA.…”

PEGylated polymers for medicine: from conjugation to self-assembled systems

“…5B), prepared by standard free radical polymerization, or controlled free radical techniques such as ATRP or RAFT. 84 These polymerization techniques are especially interesting for therapeutics, as the low PDI and end-group specificity (e.g., aldehyde, NHS-ester, etc.) achievable results in polymers amenable to protein or drug conjugation, 85 as demonstrated for example with lysozyme.…”

Surface Initiated Polymerizations via e-ATRP in Pure Water

“…In these applications, precise control over the polymerization properties is imperative since delicate changes can result in repulsion layers or affinity layers [16]. The application of ATRP in aqueous systems tremendously increased the importance of it for functionalization of biocompatible systems [17][18][19] or bio-surfaces [20] but also for biomedical applications [21,22]. It allowed for the modification of proteins in order to tailor new hybrid materials [23][24][25].…”