“…Compared with high performance liquid chromatography, SFC offers faster elution times and higher separation efficiency . Therefore, the online SFE-SFC system successfully combines the advantages of both to achieve green and efficient automated analysis. , However, it faces a significant challenge: peak broadening and deformation due to large-volume extraction . To address peak widening, Sakai et al introduced a trap column before the analytical column and used a higher split ratio to minimize peak distortion caused by the strong extractant .…”