“…Thus, natural 8-hydroxy-2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone and 5-hydroxy-2-methoxy-1,4naphthoquinone from plant Juglans sinensis and series of synthetic 1,4-NQs derivatives exhibited significant cytotoxicity against human SH-SY5Y and mouse Neuro-2a neuroblastoma cells [21,35]. Exposure to some 1,2-NQs и 1,4-NQs provokes human neuroblastoma cell lines SK-N-SH apoptosis in a ROS-dependent pathway, including DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and resultant caspase 3 and 9 activation together with GSH decrease, proteasome inactivation and NQO1 upregulation [36]. Treatment of mouse hippocampal neuronal HT22 cells with 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone increased cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS and apoptosis, involving CHOP/GADD153 upregulation, JNK and p38 MAPK activation, Bak/Bax activation, mitochondrial membrane potential loss, caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, nucleosomal DNA fragmentation, and intracellular GSH reduction [37].…”