Fact, fiction or Photoshop: Building awareness of visual manipulation through image editing software

Swerzenski, J. D.

doi:10.1080/1051144x.2021.1902041

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Moreover, in a study by Swerzenshi (2021), visual literacy was developed by teaching image editing software like Photoshop. It was argued that technical comprehension of visual creation tools allowed students to critically analyze visual content, including memes, with precise terminology and technical knowledge acquired through creation (Swerzenski, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With visuals as a form of communication, their visual literacy is also tied to media literacy, which is "the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, create, and act using all forms of communication" (NAMLE, 2022). However, being constantly bombarded by visuals while growing up does not automatically equal visual literacy and, by extension, media literacy (ACRL, 2011;Swerzenski, 2021). Academic studies on university students' visual literacy found that students lacked competencies in visual literacy and were not as visually literate as was assumed.…”

Section: Defining Visual Literacymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Political Memes

Li¹

2022

iJournal

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In the past two decades, screen-based technology like smartphone devices has become ubiquitous within global society. These devices primarily function with visual displays and have allowed visual media to flourish. Visual literacy, the ability to critically consume visual material, is thus an essential competency to teach students for them to be able to navigate the increasingly visual world. The current and upcoming generations of students who grew up surrounded by technology like personal computers and smartphones are what some researchers call “digital natives.” They use visual forms of communication (emoticons, emojis, stickers, GIFs, and memes) to communicate online (in social media and messaging apps) instead of solely traditional word-based forms. However, being constantly bombarded by visuals growing up does not automatically equal visual literacy and, by extension, media literacy. Academic studies on university students’ visual literacy found that students lacked competencies in visual literacy and were not as visually literate as was assumed. When presented with images, the university students in the study lacked skills in critical analysis of visual components, including contextual details, possible manipulations, and what is being implicitly communicated. Therefore, competencies in visual literacy, media literacy, and other related literacies are of the utmost importance in teaching students. This essay will focus on the potential of a specific, emerging type of visual that I argue can be utilized for teaching visual literacy: the Internet meme.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Defining Visual Literacymentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Memes

Li¹

2022

iJournal

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Brace yourself! Why managers should adopt a synthetic media incident response playbook in an age of falsity and synthetic media

et al. 2023

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Assessing the perceived credibility of deepfakes: The impact of system-generated cues and video characteristics

Jin,

Zhang,

Gao

et al. 2023

New Media & Society

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The adverse effects of deepfakes are becoming apparent; however, less is known about what affects individuals’ credibility judgments concerning deepfakes. This article conducted two randomized controlled 2 × 2 × 2 experiments ( N = 518) to explore the influence of heuristic cues (including the number of followers, popularity, and description as variables) generated by the system and video characteristics (including definition, duration, and editing as variables). The results suggest that the number of the source’s followers and the video’s popularity are positively associated with perceived credibility. Moreover, high-definition deepfakes are more efficient at deceiving viewers. Interestingly, an interaction effect indicates that it is not easy for users to detect editing traces in relatively long videos (greater than 30 s). Our study is an initial step to better understand how individuals assess video credibility and lay the grounds for approaches to combat the negative effects of deepfakes.

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Fact, fiction or Photoshop: Building awareness of visual manipulation through image editing software

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

Political Memes

Political Memes

Brace yourself! Why managers should adopt a synthetic media incident response playbook in an age of falsity and synthetic media

Assessing the perceived credibility of deepfakes: The impact of system-generated cues and video characteristics

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