Factor analysis of fatty acids in serum lipids as a measure of dietary fat quality in relation to the metabolic syndrome in men

Warensjö, Eva; Sundström, Johan; Lind, Lars; Vessby, Bengt

doi:10.1093/ajcn/84.2.442

Cited by 110 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our results are comparable with the only other study to analyse data from fatty acid patterns derived from PCA (Warensjo et al, 2006), which also found an SFA pattern and an omega 3 pattern. As the negative relationship between individual saturated fats and metabolic and CVD risk, and the positive relationship with individual omega 3 fats (Keys, 1980;Hu et al, 2001;Kris-Etherton et al, 2001) is well known, it is important to elucidate whether overall patterns of free fatty acid status, characterized by either high Fatty acid patterns and CVD risk PML Skidmore et al saturated fat or high omega 3 content, would result in similar relationships to CVD risk.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Previous research in this area (Warensjo et al, 2005) indicates that these disturbances in fatty acid conversion are more often observed in those with metabolic syndrome when compared with those without it and that, in a longitudinal study, these disturbances predate the development of metabolic syndrome (Vessby, 2000;Warensjo et al, 2006). Another limitation is that it is not known whether factors including lifestyle and genetics are involved in the development of alterations in fatty acid desaturation in vivo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There has been one previous study (Warensjo et al, 2006) that has analysed dietary fat patterns and found that they were predictors of the metabolic syndrome. However, no study has to date examined the association between patterns of dietary fat consumption and CVD risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma free fatty acid patterns and their relationship with CVD risk in a male middle-aged population

et al. 2010

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Background/Objectives: The role of individual fatty acids in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is well established, but the effects of an overall pattern of fatty acids in CVD risk has yet to be elucidated. Circulating fatty acid levels are related to metabolic disturbances associated with the metabolic syndrome and CVD, due to disturbances in the activity of enzymes that catalyse fatty acid desaturation (D-desaturases). Therefore, we determined patterns of fatty acids and estimated desaturase activity in plasma and analysed how these patterns were related to a 10-year CVD risk estimates in a middle-aged male population in Northern Ireland. Subjects/Methods: Principal components analysis (PCA) was performed for defining fatty acid patterns in 379 men aged 30-49 years. Logistic regression analyses were then carried out for analysing the relationship between these fatty acid patterns and the 10-year CVD risk estimates. Results: The PCA generated three high fatty acid patterns: high saturated fatty acid (SFA), high omega 3 fatty acid (omega 3) and high monosaturated fatty acid (MNFA). Results from logistic regression analyses show that a 1 s.d. increase in the SFA pattern score was significantly and positively associated with an increase in the 10-year CVD risk category (odds ratio 1.71, 95% confidence interval 1.33-2.21, Po0.0001) even after adjustment for lifestyle factors. There were no significant relationships between the other two pattern scores and the 10-year CVD risk. Conclusions: An unhealthy fatty acid pattern representing both dietary intake and in vivo fatty acid metabolism is related to the 10-year CVD risk estimates and provide evidence that, as with dietary patterns, the synergistic effect of multiple fatty acids may be more important in relation to the development of CVD risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma free fatty acid patterns and their relationship with CVD risk in a male middle-aged population

et al. 2010

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“…This is supported by our findings of a difference in hearing loss between the highest en lowest quartile of -0.8 dB in subjects of 50-60 yrs, and -1.5 dB in subjects of 60-70 yrs. Moreover, although the range of plasma very long-chain n-3 PUFA proportions in our study population was similar to that of other large studies in older adult populations (12,16), it could be possible that the differences in hearing loss between the quartiles become even more pronounced if this range would have been wider.…”

Section: N-3 Fatty Acids and Age-related Hearing Losssupporting

confidence: 79%

Plasma very long-chain N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and age-related hearing loss in older adults

Dullemeijer

Verhoef

Brouwer

et al. 2010

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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Age-related hearing loss is attributed to age-related degeneration of the cochlea as well as other physiologic, environmental, and pathological processes that occur during the lifespan (1). It initially affects hearing sensitivity in the highfrequencies, affecting communication in noisy situations. Once the loss extends to the lower frequencies (2-4 kHz range), important for understanding the voiceless consonants, speech understanding in any situation is affected (1). Age-related hearing loss is a common chronic condition, affecting 30-35% of the people aged 65-75 years and 40-50% of the people over 75 years (2).The relationship between hearing loss and nutritional status is a relatively new area of investigation (2). The hypothesis that nutrition may play a role in age-related hearing loss is based on evidence from two converging research areas: research showing that hearing loss is related to vascular disease (3-6), and research showing that vascular systems rely on certain nutrients for optimal structure and function (2). Very long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), as present in fish and fish oil, are suggested to protect against vascular diseases (7). Since the cochlea is highly vascularised, it has been suggested that age-related hearing loss may be caused by a decrease in the blood supply to the cochlea (5).Very little scientific attention has been given to the potential role of fatty acids in age-related hearing loss. A study in two psychiatric hospitals in Finland showed that adults who consumed a low fat diet for a period of five years had better hearing levels throughout the entire audiometric range than adults who consumed a diet high in saturated fatty acids (8). However, there are currently no published studies that have investigated the relationship between very long-chain n-3 PUFAs and age-related hearing loss. Therefore, the present study assesses whether plasma very long-chain n-3 PUFAs are associated with age-related hearing loss over a period of three years in a population of Dutch older adults. Subjects and methods SubjectsWe used data from participants of the FACIT study, a randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of folic acid supplementation on hearing, carotid intima-media thickness and cognitive performance (9). In this study, 819 men and postmenopausal women aged 50-70 years were randomly assigned to either folic acid (n=406) or placebo (n=413) treatment for a period of 3 years. Participants were recruited by using municipal and local blood bank registries from the Gelderland province in the Netherlands. Major exclusion criteria were plasma total homocysteine levels <13 µmol/L and >26 µmol/L, serum vitamin B12 levels <200pmol/L, renal or thyroid diseases, and current use of B-vitamin supplements. The baseline measurements, which included measurements of PLASMA VERY LONG-CHAIN N-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS AND AGE-RELATED HEARING LOSS IN OLDER ADULTS Abstract:Objectives: Age-related hearing loss is a common social and health problem in the older adult popul...

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“…C17:0 results 7,10,22) . C15:0 and C17:0 are contained in various plant and animal foods but only in small amounts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acid Compositions and Estimated Desaturase Activities between Japanese Men with and without Metabolic Syndrome

Maruyama

Yoneyama

Suyama

et al. 2008

JAT

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Aim: This study was designed to clarify differences in serum phospholipid fatty acid compositions and estimated desaturase activities between Japanese men with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: From among 227 males, 40 to 59 years of age, excluding those receiving treatment for lipid disorders, 165 subjects (including 27 with MetS) were selected for this study. Serum phospholipid fatty acid compositions were determined, and desaturase activities were estimated. Results: The C15:0 and C17:0 fatty acids associated with hepatic function were lower, while the C20:3n-6 and C20:4n-3 fatty acids were higher, in subjects with than without MetS (p 0.05). The estimated desaturase activity for D5D(n-6) was lower in subjects with than without MetS (p 0.01). Body fat percentage was an independent negative predictor of C17:0, and a positive predictor of log C20:3n-6 and log C20:4n-3 (p 0.01). HDL-C was an independent negative predictor of log C15:0 and of C17:0 (p 0.01). Conclusion: Decreases in minor saturated fatty acids, accumulation of C20:3n-6 and C20:4n-3 and low estimated D5D activitiy were confirmed to be associated with MetS.

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Factor analysis of fatty acids in serum lipids as a measure of dietary fat quality in relation to the metabolic syndrome in men

Cited by 110 publications

References 34 publications

Plasma free fatty acid patterns and their relationship with CVD risk in a male middle-aged population

Plasma free fatty acid patterns and their relationship with CVD risk in a male middle-aged population

Plasma very long-chain N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and age-related hearing loss in older adults

Differences in Serum Phospholipid Fatty Acid Compositions and Estimated Desaturase Activities between Japanese Men with and without Metabolic Syndrome

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