Factor analysis of interview interaction behavior.

Abstract

Our research program has utilized the Chapple Interaction Chronograph for recording the speech and silence behavior of interviewers and interviewees. This paper describes a new electronic interaction Recorder which is more efficient than the earlier recording device. The paper also demonstrates that data collected by these two devices are almost identical. Twenty interviews were recorded simultaneously, on both instruments, and twelve different measures were compared by means of correlation, and through inspection of the variance and means. Consequently, we have concluded that it is possible to compare data from present and future research studies with those obtained earlier with the Chapple Interaction Chronograph. REFERENCES PROBLEM Need characteristics of normals, anxiety neurotics, drug addicts, and paranoid schizophrenics were analyzed in this study. According to the need theory which suggested the research, the marked differences in behavior and adjustment of the above groups should relate to differences in ways in which the groups perceive, feel, and think about basic personality needs. 'The authors wish to express a preciation to Drs. for help in data collection for this study. Sex A1 Aggression A1 Nurturance Att Play J Autonomy J Abaaement A1 Exhibition J Nurturance A1 Exhibition A1 Counteraction J Counteraction Att Dominance J Affiliation A1 Dominance A1 Deference A1 Rejection Att Achievement Att Blame Avoid. J Aggression J Sum J Counteraction A1 Harm Avoid. J Achievement J Sex J Sentience AI Defendance Att Nurturance J Defendance J Poeitive Negative LOW

Talk, silence and anxiety.

“…The longer a person talks the more chances he has to pause, but assuming that time is equated in verbal samples, verbal quantity and pauses tend to be negatively correlated, sometimes at statistically significant levels ranging as high as -.68 (Goldman-Eisler, 1961), while verbal quantity and reaction time also tend to be negatively related, though significantly so in only one (Matarazzo, Saslow, & Hare, 1958) of five studies. The longer a person talks the slower his speech rate, though of four studies none reported a significant relationship (for example, Kelly & Steer, 1949).…”

Language in Psychotherapy

“…In answering this question, we initially employed Chapple's Interaction Chronograph and the ten speech variables that it generated (Matarazzo et al, 1956). However, a subsequent factor analysis (Matarazzo, Saslow, & Hare, 1958) revealed that many of these ten variables were redundant, and that two variables (speech and silence durations), and possibly a third (a speaker's interruption of his partner or similar "maladjustment" in synchrony), more than adequately recorded what previously had required ten separate measures. We then developed our own successor to the Chapple chronograph, the Interaction Recorder Oohnston, Jansen, Weitman, Hess, Matarazzo, & Saslow, 1961;.…”

“…We (Matarazzo, Saslow, & Hare, 1958) conducted a factor analysis of twelve of the interview interaction measures recorded by the earlieremployed Chapple Interaction Chronograph. This factor analysis of the data of 60 subjects, as well as a replication study, revealed the presence of four independent factors: two major (speech and silence) and two weaker (initiative and interruption-maladjustment).…”

Interaction recorder: An electronic punched paper tape unit for recording speech behavior during interviews

“…The remaining nine measures are second-order or derivative. Measures of two major variables ("speech" and "silence"), which have been shown ( 2 ) to account for about 88 percent of the variance of the twelve measures, cannot be read directly from the Chapple Interaction Chronograph, although they can be derived fairly readily by a scorer. While it is possible, from the printed Interaction Chronograph record, to obtain sums of raw scores, the record does not permit calculation of the variance of any of these variables.…”