Factor analysis of synergistic effect between the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and synthetic insecticides.

Hiromori, Hajime; Nishigaki, Jojiro

doi:10.1303/aez.2001.231

Cited by 45 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Lecuona et al (2001) indicated that some concentrations of deltamethrin and low concentrations of beta-cypermethrin actually increased B. bassiana conidial germination; Anderson and Roberts (1983) observed similar interactions. Hiromori and Nishigaki (2001) found synergism between M. anisopliae and fenitrothion (an organophosphate) or teflubenzuron (insect growth regulator) when tested against scarab beetle larvae (Anomola cuprea); they attributed the synergy to weakening of the immune system by insecticidal stress, facilitating infection of M. anisopliae to the larvae. Imidacloprid (a nicotinoid pesticide) and M. anisopliae combinations, tested against larvae of the citrus root weevil (Diaprepes abbreviatus L.), were synergistic (Quintela and McCoy 1997).…”

Section: Metarhizium Anisopliae and Permethrin Bioassaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycetes) and permethrin to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs

et al. 2005

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Effectiveness of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, for controlling nymphal Ixodes scapularis, was tested in laboratory and field trials. In the laboratory, M. anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin strain ESC1 was moderately pathogenic, with an LC50 of 10(7) spores/ml and induced 70% mortality at 10(9) spores/ml. In a field study, however, 10(9) spores/ml M. anisopliae did not effectively control questing I. scapularis nymphs, and significant differences were not detected in pre- and post-treatment densities. For nymphs collected and returned to the laboratory for observation, mortality was low in treatment groups, ranging from 20 to 36%. To assess whether a chemical acaricide would synergistically enhance pathogenicity of the fungus, we challenged unfed nymphal I. scapularis with combinations of M. anisopliae and permethrin, a relatively safe pyrethroid acaricide, in two separate bioassays. Significant interactions between M. anisopliae and permethrin were not observed, supporting neither synergism nor antagonism.

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Section: Metarhizium Anisopliae and Permethrin Bioassaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycetes) and permethrin to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs

et al. 2005

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“…Phenoloxidase enzyme converts tyrosine into Dopa which is used in synthesis of melanin for subsequent use in wound healing and immune response (Huang et al, 2002). Increase in phenoloxidase activity has long been correlated with increased resistance to pathogen (Brookman et al, 1989;Soderhall and Cerenius, 1998;Sugumaran, 2002;Shelby and Popham, 2006) and decrease of phenoloxidase activity is attributed to weakening of immune system (Hiromori and Nishigaki, 2001). In addition to pathogens, the system is also activated in response to presence of other nonself materials like chemical insecticide, glass beads etc (Pathak, 1993;Liu et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Plant Based Essential Oil on Immune Response of Silkworm, Antheraea assama Westwood (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

Khanikor¹,

Dipsikha²

2012

International Journal of Industrial Entomology

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Botanicals have been regarded as sustainable solution of pest control because of their nominal effect on nontarget pest, biodegradability and other environment friendly properties. However, study on impact of botanicals against beneficial insects is less. In this investigation effort has been made to study the effect of essential oils of Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum gratissimum and Ageratum conyzoides against non-mulberry silkworm Antheraea assama in terms of percent mortality, total haemocyte count (THC) and phenol oxidase (PO) enzyme activity. After application of essential oil of the plants by contact residual film technique, age dependent decrease of percent mortality was recorded. Topical treatment of oil at higher dosages (1 µlg -1 and 0.5 µlg -1 ) caused 100% mortality of late instar larvae at 24 hour but the lowest dose (0.25 µlg -1 ) did not cause any mortality till 48 hour of treatment. Initial increase of total haemocyte count (THC) was recorded at early hours of treatment (0.25 hour) at all dosages (1, 0.5, 0.25 µlg -1 ) after topical treatment. A dose dependent increase was observed in phenol oxidase enzyme activity and this might indicate ability of the essential oils to cause induction of immune response in Antheraea assama larvae.

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“…A suspected reason for decrease in pathogen virulence is ingredients of culture media like carbohydrates [12,19] . Metarhizium is one of the most promising biological controlling agents against insect pests specially some soil inhabitants like scarab grubs [11,16] . There are many attempts for testing some Metarhizium formulations and application methods on soil insects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Quick Method for Metarhizium anisopliae Isolation from Cultural Soils

Ghanbary¹,

Asgharzadeh²,

Hadizadeh³

et al. 2009

American J. of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

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Problem statement: Fungi are one of the most active members in biological community of cultural soils. Many saprophyte and facultative parasitic fungi live in soil. Metarhizium anisopliae, one of the most famous soil inhabitant entomopathogens has a virulence potential on plant and animal pests. Approach: Introducing a new method for its isolation from soil was an applied method to find it without any limitation. Metarhizium anisopliae shifts to saprophytic phase and remain alive within soil in absence of susceptible host. As a shortcut, we can transfer the fungus from soil to lab by culturing soil suspension. One hundred cultural soil samples from different regions of Iran were tested to finding Metarhizium isolates. Culturing 1:5000-1:10000 soil suspension on artificial medium containing necessary macro and micronutrients for fungal growth were resulted in isolation. Metarhizium anisopliae isolates were harvested seven days after culturing the suspensions. All isolates were inoculated in 50 mL PDB in destruxin production assay and 7 days later broth medium was filtrated by using filter paper. Culture filtrates were extracted and in bioassays they were sprayed on larva of citrus leaf miner. Results: Nine isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae were harvested. Microscopic studies showed that morphological features had complete coincidence with valid descriptions of the fungus. Bioassay confirmed that all harvested isolates secrete active and effective destruxin in broth. Conclusion: Isolation of Metarhizium by culturing the soil suspension, a useful method for more studies of the entomopathogen at different geographical regions. Native populations of this fungus had special importance in local biological control programs. This procedure was a costsand time-effective method for pathogen isolation.

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Factor analysis of synergistic effect between the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and synthetic insecticides.

Cited by 45 publications

References 14 publications

Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycetes) and permethrin to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs

Pathogenicity of Metarhizium anisopliae (Deuteromycetes) and permethrin to Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) nymphs

Effect of Plant Based Essential Oil on Immune Response of Silkworm, Antheraea assama Westwood (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

A Quick Method for Metarhizium anisopliae Isolation from Cultural Soils

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