Factores de riesgo en escenarios emergentes de leishmaniasis visceral urbana, Misiones, Argentina

López, Karen; Tartaglino, Lilian; Steinhorst, Ingrid Iris; Santini, María Soledad; Salomón, Oscar Daniel

doi:10.7705/biomedica.v36i2.2953

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Lack of adequate sanitation attracts wild or domestic animals and may be breeding sites for the sandflies. Examples include: Posadas, Argentina, where most individuals with VL also lived in low-quality homes composed of sand floors, wooden walls, partially or totally open roofs and without window screens; 61 Bihar, India, where mud-plastered walls increased the risk of VL two-fold compared to cement walls; 62 and Fulbaria, Bangladesh, where the prevalence of VL was 59% in homes made with mud floors and tin walls. 63 Two studies in Brazil showed that a high incidence of VL was associated with a lack of appropriate sanitation and that low-income individuals resided in high-risk VL areas.…”

Section: Vulnerability To and Risk Factors For Leishmaniasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerabilities to and the Socioeconomic and Psychosocial Impacts of the Leishmaniases: A Review

Grifferty¹,

Shirley²,

McGloin

et al. 2021

RRTM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The leishmaniases are a group of four vector-borne neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) with 1.6 billion people in some 100 countries at risk. They occur in certain eco-epidemiological foci that reflect manipulation by human activities, such as migration, urbanization and deforestation, of which poverty, conflict and climate change are key drivers. Given their synergistic impacts, risk factors and the vulnerabilities of poor populations and the launch of a new 2030 roadmap for NTDs in the context of the global sustainability agenda, it is warranted to update the state of knowledge of the leishmaniases and their effects. Using existing literature, we review socioeconomic and psychosocial impacts of leishmaniasis within a framework of risk factors and vulnerabilities to help inform policy interventions. Studies show that poverty is an overarching primary risk factor. Low-income status fosters inadequate housing, malnutrition and lack of sanitation, which create and exacerbate complexities in access to care and treatment outcomes as well as education and awareness. The co-occurrence of the leishmaniases with malnutrition and HIV infection further complicate diagnosis and treatment, leading to poor diagnostic outcomes and therapeutic response. Even with free treatment, households may suffer catastrophic health expenditure from direct and indirect medical costs, which compounds existing financial strain in low-income communities for households and healthcare systems. The dermatological presentations of the leishmaniases may result in long-term severe disfigurement, leading to stigmatization, reduced quality of life, discrimination and mental health issues. A substantial amount of recent literature points to the vulnerability pathways and burden of leishmaniasis on women, in particular, who disproportionately suffer from these impacts. These emerging foci demonstrate a need for continued international efforts to address key risk factors and population vulnerabilities if leishmaniasis control, and ultimately elimination, is to be achieved by 2030.

show abstract

Section: Vulnerability To and Risk Factors For Leishmaniasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerabilities to and the Socioeconomic and Psychosocial Impacts of the Leishmaniases: A Review

Grifferty¹,

Shirley²,

McGloin

et al. 2021

RRTM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Experiences and lessons learned from the Chinese VL control program have demonstrated that the VL transmission is likely to rebound once the control efforts are weakened [13]. As transmission of VL and the distribution of sandfly populations are greatly affected by natural, biological and social factors [14][15], timely identification of VL cases, and consolidated development and optimization of control strategies, are needed for the interruption and elimination of VL transmission. [16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal clustering of Mountain-type Zoonotic Visceral Leishmaniasis in China between 2015 and 2019

Hao

Gong

et al. 2021

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

With several decades of concerted control efforts, visceral leishmaniasis(VL) eradication had almost been achieved in China. However, VL cases continue to be detected in parts of western China recent years. Using data of reported cases, this study aimed to investigate the epidemiology and spatio⁃temporal distribution, of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL) in China between the years 2015 and 2019. Epidemiological data pertaining to patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) were collected in Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Shanxi, Henan and Hebei provinces between the years 2015 and 2019. Joinpoint regression analysis was performed to determine changes in the epidemic trend of MT-ZVL within the time period during which data was collected. Spatial autocorrelation of infection was examined using the Global Moran’s I statistic wand hotspot analysis was carried out using the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic. Spatio-temporal clustering analysis was conducted using the retrospective space-time permutation flexible spatial scanning statistics. A total of 529 cases of MT-ZVL were detected in the six provinces from which data were collected during the study time period, predominantly in Gansu (55.0%), Shanxi (21.7%), Shaanxi (12.5%) and Sichuan (8.9%) provinces. A decline in VL incidence in China was observed during the study period, whereas an increase in MT-ZVL incidence was observed in the six provinces from which data was obtained (t = 4.87, P < 0.05), with highest incidence in Shanxi province (t = 16.91, P < 0.05). Significant differences in the Moran’s I statistic were observed during study time period (P < 0.05), indicating spatial autocorrelation in the spatial distribution of MT-ZVL. Hotspot and spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed clustering of infection cases in the Shaanxi-Shanxi border areas and in east of Shanxi province, where transmission increased rapidly over the study duration, as well as in well know high transmission areas in the south of Gansu province and the north of the Sichuan province. It indicates resurgence of MT-ZVL transmission over the latter three years of the study. Spatial clustering of infection was observed in localized areas, as well as sporadic outbreaks of infection.

show abstract

“…21 Although we performed a molecular study in just a third of the cases, 87.5% of these were positive for L. infantum. The identification of this species in CL in Argentina is noteworthy, as until now it had caused only LV, [14][15][16] whereas CL was exclusively related to Leishmania braziliensis. 6 Our study, therefore, signals a change in the northwestern region of Argentina, describing an outbreak of CL, caused for the first time by L. infantum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…13 Since then, the species has also been identified as the cause of VL in another four provinces: Salta, Entre Ríos, Santa Fé, and Santiago del Estero. [14][15][16] Thus, L. infantum is present in Argentina as a cause of VL. This study describes the clinical and parasitological characteristics of the first L. infantum-caused CL outbreak in Argentina.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autochthonous Outbreak of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum in Corrientes Province, Argentina

Soto

Encinas

Deschutter

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Endemic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in northern Argentina has traditionally been caused by Leishmania braziliensis. This study aims to describe an outbreak of Leishmania infantum-caused human CL in the Department Capital of Corrientes Province, Argentina. We retrospectively analyzed the reported cases of CL in this area from May 2015 to December 2016. Eighty cases of CL were clinically and analytically diagnosed, and there was one case of visceral leishmaniasis in a boy who also had CL. Patients' median age was 33.6 years (range 1-89 years), and 18.5% were younger than 15 years; the male:female ratio was 3.5:1. Cases lived mostly in the municipality of Corrientes (72.8%), whereas 27.2% resided in Riachuelo. Although 67.9% had a single lesion, 32.1% had several. Molecular analyses showed that L. infantum was the causative species in all cases. Our results show that for the first time, there was an outbreak of CL by L. infantum in an urban area of Argentina.

show abstract

Factores de riesgo en escenarios emergentes de leishmaniasis visceral urbana, Misiones, Argentina

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Vulnerabilities to and the Socioeconomic and Psychosocial Impacts of the Leishmaniases: A Review

Vulnerabilities to and the Socioeconomic and Psychosocial Impacts of the Leishmaniases: A Review

Spatio-temporal clustering of Mountain-type Zoonotic Visceral Leishmaniasis in China between 2015 and 2019

Autochthonous Outbreak of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis due to Leishmania infantum in Corrientes Province, Argentina

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About