Factores de riesgo relacionados con los hábitos de vida en pacientes con patología osteomuscular

Abstract

Factores de riesgo relacionados con los hábitos de vida en pacientes con patología osteomuscular Risk factors related with lifestyle in patients with musculoskeletal disorders AbstractBackground: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) encompass a series of debilitating diseases with high incidence and prevalence, representing a high economic and social cost. Prevention is crucial, so is of great interest to determine modifi able risk factors, such as those related to lifestyle. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in 91 patients selected by systematic random sampling and were divided into three experimental groups according to the cause and evolution of its MSD (neck pain, knee pain and back pain). A biometric measurement, nutritional assessment, physical and occupational activity, muscle balance and oxidative status was performed. Results: The female is the most affected gender by the presence of musculoskeletal injuries such as neck pain and back pain. Overall, most patients (67.4%) had normal weight, overweight 24.41% and only 8.1% were obese type I. Patients with neck pain are the group doing less physical activity and worse muscular balance present. Oxidative stress was higher in patients with knee pain than in the other groups. Regarding the consumed diet, differences between experimental groups on the mineral content (Zn, Mn, Se and I) and vitamins (folate and ascorbic acid) are observed. Conclusions: Cholecalciferol intake and vitamins A and D is less than those recommended in all subjects, which promotes muscle disease. Folate intake was below recommendations, increasing susceptibility to oxidative stress. Obesity and oxidative stress related to the prevalence of the different types of MSDs studied.

Elderly Feeding and Nutrition during Hospitalization: An Integrative Review

“…The main problem listed in relation to the dietary issues was dysphagia, with studies involving clinical assessment [29], dysphagia in sarcopenics [17], effects of rehabilitation in dysphagic patients [25], effects of dysphagia rehabilitation in infectious conditions [22], assessment of dysphagia and nutritional status [38], assessment of risk factors for death in the hospital environment [23], assessment of the association of dysphagia, oral status and malnutrition [24] and assessment and risk factors for dysphagia in burns [31].…”

“…Half of the hospitalized older adults aged at least 80 years old are at nutritional risk. Mortality was associated with age ≥ 85 years old, previous diagnosis of dysphagia, having an oncological disease, comorbidities, low functionality prior to hospitalization, MNA < 17 points, albumin < 3 g/dl, and treatment with opioids, neuroleptics or early antidepressant [23].…”

“…Patients with mild pneumonia had a higher Odds Ratio for total oral intake associated with dysphagia rehabilitation than those with moderate and severe pneumonia (OR: 2.27; p < 0.001) [22]. Dysphagia assessment upon admission can help define more appropriate care [23].…”

Efficacy of Manual Therapy and Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Cervical Mobility and Endurance in Subacute and Chronic Neck Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…The annual prevalence of neck pain with disability, but without structural damage, varies between 1.7% and 11.5% in the general population [16]. It has been estimated that in Spain, chronic neck pain affects 9.6% of men and 21.9% of women [17] (D), and about 10% of the cases referred to physical therapists are due to neck pain [18].…”

Aspectos psicológicos del comportamiento humano en la productividad de la empresa en el Ecuador: una aproximación desde la medicina del trabajo

“…La psicología de la salud ocupacional y la medicina del trabajo han establecido estudios alrededor del mundo, el trabajo con altas exigencias de tipo cognitivo, psicológico y emocional, asociado a un escaso control sobre la tarea, bajo apoyo social de pares y jefes, y una deficiente calidad del liderazgo en profesionales que laboran en servicios humanos, están asociados con factores de riesgo 14,15 . Las empresas ecuatorianas han realizado estudios psicosociales para cumplir con la normativa legal vigente en relación a prevención de riesgos laborales; mas sin embargo no han aplicado las recomendaciones dadas en estos estudios, no tienen definidos controles operacionales que ayuden al mejoramiento empresarial 16,17 .…”