Factores que influyen en la deserción de los Estudiantes Universitarios

Abstract

RESUMENEsta investigación tiene como objetivo determinar por qué ocurre la deserción de los estudiantes de la carrera Ingeniería Comercial de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa. Para ello se tomó como objeto de estudio a los estudiantes que han desertado de la carrera Ingeniería Comercial de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa en el año 2012. La metodología utilizada fue no experimental, cuantitativa, transversal y de tipo descriptiva. Los resultados más relevantes demuestran que existen características que determinan al estudiante desertor, que son internas y externas. Respecto a los factores externos se constata que la situación económica es una incidencia importante en la deserción. En relación a los factores internos en la deserción se pueden nombrar: las diferencias temperamentales, la elección errónea de la carrera, además de los casos de embarazo y la acumulación de aplazos. PALABRAS CLAVE: Deserción universitaria; factores internos; causas externas. ABSTRACTThe objective of this research is to determine why the students of the Commercial Engineering career of the Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa are dropping out. To this end, students who have dropped out of the Commercial Engineering course at the Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Administrativas de la Universidad Nacional de Itapúa in 2012 were taken as the object of study.The methodology used was non-experimental, quantitative, transversal and descriptive type. The most relevant results show that there are characteristics that determine the student deserter, which are internal and external.Regarding external factors, it is found that the economic situation is a significant incidence in the desertion. In relation to the internal factors in the desertion can be named: the temperamental differences, the erroneous election of the race, in addition to the cases of pregnancy and the accumulation of postponements.

Resilience from the practice of mentoring to contribute to the permanence of students

“…In addition, it has an impact on financial support for institutions, because public institutions that have a higher dropout rate do not meet satisfactory results, and consequently they may receive fewer resources, and having a smaller number of students. (Smulders Chaparro, 2018) According to Gallegos et al, in 2018, there are two types of dropouts, voluntary and involuntary, in the first one the dropout is because students decide to start another career or go to another institution to finish it, among other causes. The second is associated with academic failure, this type of abandonment is the most frequent.…”

Academic Engagement and Dropout Intention in Undergraduate University Students

“…Although this study was carried out with a large sample of students from a Spanish university, research carried out in other contexts, both nationally and internationally, shows that the academic, social, and institutional factors associated with academic dropout are quite similar. In this sense, when explaining the causes that lead to dropout, reference is made to variables such as the wrong choice of degree course (Smulders, 2018), the number of subjects enrolled for (Castillo, 2008), the difficulties in adapting to new training scenarios (Pérez et al, 2018), or the influence of performance in the previous stages (Esteban et al, 2016).…”

“…This analysis was performed based on the superiority probability test (PnormalSest), whose mathematical expression is as follows:Interpretation of the values obtained in this test was performed based on the critical values established by201820082018 6] Grissom (1994) and Erceg-Hurn and Mirosevich (2008). The alpha value for the analyses performed was set to .05.…”

Factores condicionantes de la deserción universitaria

“…El factor interno, individual y/o psicológicos también puede causar la deserción; como ser la falta de orientación vocacional, las dificultades emocionales, la falta de resistencia al estrés, la autoestima, el temperamento, el coeficiente intelectual y la perseverancia; que van asociadas a la deserción universitaria (Himmel, 2001), (Smulders Chaparro, 2018) Viale (20149 destaca rasgos en la personalidad que diferencian a los estudiantes que completan sus estudios de aquellos que no.…”