Factorial validity of the center for epidemiologic studies-depression (CES-D) scale in military peacekeepers

Boisvert, Jennifer A.; McCreary, Donald R.; Wright, Kristi D.; Asmundson, Gordon J. G.

doi:10.1002/da.10080

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Objectively measured physical fitness data was obtained via the APFT, a three-event physical performance test used to assess physical fitness in three domains: (1) cardiorespiratory fitness, (2) upper body muscular fitness, and (3) abdominal/core muscular fitness (16). The APFT involved three timed events performed in sequential order: a push-up event (the number of repetitions completed in two minutes), a sit-ups event (the number of repetitions completed in two minutes), and lastly a timed two-mile run event.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical Fitness and Depressive Symptoms during Army Basic Combat Training

Crowley

Wilkinson

Wigfall

et al. 2015

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Introduction Mental health-related problems are a significant cause of attrition during Basic Combat Training (BCT). Evidence in civilian populations suggests that physical fitness is associated with psychological benefits in civilians, but little is known about the association between physical fitness and psychological adjustment during BCT. Methods This study prospectively examined the association between physical fitness and depressive symptoms in 300 BCT soldiers from May to July, 2012 at Fort Jackson, Columbia, SC. Soldiers completed a baseline Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) and survey within one week of arriving at BCT, and an end of cycle survey after eight weeks of BCT. Soldiers were assigned to the “high” fitness category if they had a passing score on the standard APFT of greater than or equal to 180 points out of 300 points. Soldiers scoring less than 180 points on the APFT were assigned to the “ low” fitness category. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results In multivariate analyses, adjusting for baseline demographics, self-reported sleep prior to BCT, BCT confidence, Army identification, and depressive symptoms, the odds of reporting depressive symptoms were 60% lower for soldiers in the high fitness category (odds ratio, OR 0.40; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.19–0.84), compared to soldiers in the low fitness category. Conclusions Analogous to other positive outcomes of soldier fitness, improvement of soldier physical fitness prior to BCT might improve soldiers' psychological health outcomes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This self-report scale is designed to measure depressive symptoms in the general population (28) and has been validated for use in military populations (3). The range of possible scores is 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating a higher degree of depressive symptoms (28).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Fitness and Depressive Symptoms during Army Basic Combat Training

Crowley

Wilkinson

Wigfall

et al. 2015

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…Different studies have also shown two to seven-factor structure (Boisvert et al, 2003). Spijker et al (2004) studied three ethnic groups, including Moroccan, Turk, and Dutch with an exploratory comparison by applying the CES-D scale factor structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Depression Factors in Taiwanese Students of Department of Design

Chang

Chen

2017

EURASIA J MATH SCI T

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Since Taiwan government has aggressively promoted its national capacity of innovative design in recent years, the need for designers with professional knowledge and skills has been increased significantly, and many colleges have established Department of Design accordingly. However, it was found that the fluctuation of mood of students from Department of Design is more significant than that from other Departments. The change in mood influences students' recognition of shapes and colors. This study applied CES-D (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression) scale to test the current mood status of 120 freshmen from Department of Design and further find out the depression factors. From the factors of the study, six of them have been independent. These factors include "negative affect", "interpersonal problem", "physical and mental fatigue", "sadness and crying", "sleep disorder", and "inappetence". In fact, students from Department of Design appear to have Atypical Depression physically. They conceal the melancholic symptoms so that other people can hardly be aware of their depression. The study results can be the reference for current teachers of design education.

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“…First, the findings of this study support the findings of research by Zlotnick et al (2002), as the present research demonstrates that subthreshold PTSD is associated with psychological morbidity and is an indicator of impairment in peacekeepers to a lesser degree than full PTSD. Second, levels of impairment on Depression and Health Problems approached the levels for those peacekeepers with full PTSD, as was the case in Boisvert et al (2003), highlighting the importance of subthreshold PTSD as a meaningful indicator of psychiatric morbidity. Finally, although the overall findings lend support to the validity of the current diagnostic thresholds for full PTSD, they also indicate that subthreshold PTSD is a meaningful diagnosis, as subthreshold PTSD significantly impacts the affect and mental health of the peacekeeping veteran.…”

Section: Subthreshold Ptsdmentioning

confidence: 89%

Subthreshold PTSD: A Comparison of Alcohol, Depression, and Health Problems in Canadian Peacekeepers with Different Levels of Traumatic Stress

Yarvis

Bordnick

Spivey

et al. 2005

Stress, Trauma, and Crisis

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with depression, alcohol use disorders and physical health problems. Subthreshold posttraumatic syndromes may contribute to these problems. Participants were previously deployed male peacekeepers who completed a battery of questionnaires, including measures of PTSD symptoms, depression, alcohol use, and physical health. Statistically significant differences were found 1) between groups with full and no PTSD on depressive symptoms, alcohol use disorders, and physical health problems, and 2) between subthreshold and no PTSD groups on depression and physical health problems. Results suggest subthreshold PTSD represents a distinct construct warranting further investigation.Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was initially introduced to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 3rd edition (DSM-III; American Psychiatric Association, 1980) to describe the range of syndromal reactions to traumatic stressors. This range of reactions was built upon the categorical model of psychiatric disorders. In the quarter of a century since the publication of DSM-III, numerous studies have shown that the current diagnostic threshold established by the categorical model is valid across traumatized populations such as combat and peacekeeping veterans; victims of crime and sexual assault; victims of man-made and natural disasters; victims of motor vehicle

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Factorial validity of the center for epidemiologic studies-depression (CES-D) scale in military peacekeepers

Cited by 36 publications

References 43 publications

Physical Fitness and Depressive Symptoms during Army Basic Combat Training

Physical Fitness and Depressive Symptoms during Army Basic Combat Training

A Study of Depression Factors in Taiwanese Students of Department of Design

Subthreshold PTSD: A Comparison of Alcohol, Depression, and Health Problems in Canadian Peacekeepers with Different Levels of Traumatic Stress

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