Factors Affecting Callus Induction and Organogenesis in Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

Abstract

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) belongs to Iridaceae and is known an important native commercial plants in Iran for its high value of saffron. The best growth regulator composition for callus production from corms and sahoot regeneration from callus were determined. Saffron corms harvested from previous crops are generally used for future cropping cycles. However, this practice causes major yield losses due to the heavy attack by different pathogens. Availability of healthy disease free planting materials is of great importance for successful cultivation of saffron. By this investigation the best composition of growth regulators for callus production from corms and shoot regeneration from callus were determined. Callus induction of Crocus sativus L. was investigated by using different combinations NAA, 2, 4-D and TDZ, BA and Kn. The highest frequency of callus induction was observed in medium containing 2 mg/l 2, 4-D + 1 mg/l BA followed by 1 mg/l 2, 4-D + 0.15 mg/l Kn. However, in case of growth parameters such as diameter and the area of calli the best result was obtained in the medium supplemented with 2 mg/l 2, 4-D + 1 mg/l BA. In some treatments, calli were transferred to organogenesis stage after two subcultures. For sprouting of shoots transferred to medium containing 1 mg/l BAP and 1 mg/l NAA. Statistical analyses indicated that the treatment containing 5 mg/l NAA and 5 mg/l TDZ proved to be the best growth regulator treatment for shoot regeneration from the saffron calli.

Development of a system for efficient callus production, somatic embryogenesis and gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 in Saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

“…The imperative function rendered by PGRs (Plant Growth Regulators) in various stages of plant micropropagation is reflected by the scores of supplemented media formulations used for saffron, largely dependent on the explant used [22]. Overall, in direct organogenesis experiments, various combinations of PGRs such as zeatin, thidiazuron (TDZ), alpha-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), N 6 -furfurylaminopurine (Kn), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) have been used.…”

Biotechnological Studies in Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) Plant

“…Korm ½MS 0.5 mg L -1 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L -1 BAP + %2 CM ➝ Kallus ➝ 0.1 mg L -1 2,4-D + 0.5 mg L -1 BAP ➝ Sürgün tomurcuğu 0.1 mg L -1 2,4-D + 0.1 mg L -1 BAP ➝ Sürgün rejenerasyonu Ilahi et al, 1987 Ovaryum MS 5 mg L -1 BAP + 10 mg L -1 NAA ➝ Kallus ➝ 1 mg L -1 BA + 1 mg L -1 NAA ➝ Stigma rejenerasyonu Castellar and Iborra, 1997 Korm MS 2 mg L -1 BA + 0.1 mg L -1 2,4-D ➝ Nodular kallus ➝ 2 mg L -1 -5 mg L -1 BAP + 0.5 mg L -1 imazalil ➝Sürgün rejenerasyonu Piqueras et al, 1999 Apikal tomurcuk LS 2 mg L -1 NAA + 2 mg L -1 BAP ➝ Embriyonik olmayan kallus, 1 mg L -1 NAA + 1 mg L -1 BAP ➝ Embriyonik kallus Darvishi et al, 2006 Yaprak MS 1 mg L -1 BAP + 1 mg L -1 2,4-D ➝ Kallus ➝ 2 mg L -1 BAP + 0.5 mg L -1 NAA ➝ Sürgün rejenerasyonu Raja et al, 2007 Korm MS 1 mg L -1 2,4-D + 4 mg L -1 Kn ➝ Embriyonik kallus Sharifi et al, 2012 Korm MS 0.25 mg L -1 2,4-D + 1 mg L -1 BAP ➝ Kallus ➝ 1.5 mg L -1 BAP ➝ Çoklu Sürgün ➝ 1 mg L -1 IBA ➝ Korm, kök Zeybek et al, 2012 Korm MS 2 mg L -1 2,4-D + 0.1 mg L -1 BAP ➝ Kallus ➝ 0.1 mg L -1 BAP + 1 mg L -1 NAA ➝ Sürgün rejenerasyonu Vahedi et al, 2014…”

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“…Subcultured every 1 mo. Vahedi et al 2014 Corms  5% NaOCl 8 min (shaking)  80% EtOH 1 min  37% nanosilver** 17 min (shaking)  3× DW. Subcultured every 1 mo.…”