Factors Affecting Egg Cannibalism and Fecundity in Populations of Adult Tribolium castaneum Herbst

Sonleitner, Frank J.

doi:10.1086/physzool.34.3.30152701

Cited by 82 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…Rich (1956), who invented a technique to mark eggs of T. confusum with neutral red dye, found that the beetles did not distinguish between dyed and undyed eggs. Similar results were found with eggs of T. castaneum (Sonleitner, 1961). An experiment was designed to test two aspects of cannibalism in relation to the present study: (1) do mutant beetles eat as many eggs as the wild-type, and (2) are sis eggs eaten at the same rate as +1+ eggs?…”

Section: Components Of Selectionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Much has been published on the complexity of the cannibalism phenomenon in Tribolium populations. Some of the factors known to affect the cannibalism rate are sex-ratio (Rich, 1956;Sonleitner, 1961;Stanley, 1942), crowding (Rich, 1956;Sonleitner, 1961), tunneling (Stanley, 1949;Sonleitner, 1961), number of eggs present (Stanley, 1943;Sonleitner, 1961), and the conditioning of the medium (Park, 1935;Park and Woolcott, 1937);Sonleitner, 1961). Sonleitner (1961) showed that the age of an adult beetle affected only slightly the number of eggs it would destroy.…”

Section: Components Of Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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THE ECOLOGICAL GENETICS OF THE MUTANT SOOTY IN POPULATIONS OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM ,

Schlager

1963

Evolution

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Section: Components Of Selectionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Components Of Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE ECOLOGICAL GENETICS OF THE MUTANT SOOTY IN POPULATIONS OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM ,

Schlager

1963

Evolution

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“…The two other studies that found significant demographic effects (table 1) investigated self-incompatible plant species, and their results highlight the importance of positive densitydependent processes, such as Allee effects [18,19]. In the case of our model system, the mechanism for negative density dependence is probably increased egg cannibalism with increasing population densities [47]. Interestingly, negative density dependence was more pronounced in more diverse founders, than inbred founders (figure 2a), supporting previous findings that cannibalism is reduced among close relatives [50].…”

Section: (B) Population Growthsupporting

confidence: 53%

“…Population growth decreased with increasing founding population size (F 3,1467 ¼ 104.06, p , 0.0001; figure 2a), exhibiting classic negative density dependence [47]. Population growth was also reduced by inbreeding (genetic background F 2,8 ¼ 30.55, p ¼ 0.0002), indicating inbreeding depression, and was lower in the novel environment relative to the natal environment (F 1,1467 ¼ 159.54, p , 0.0001; figure 2b).…”

Section: (C) Population Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The roles of demography and genetics in the early stages of colonization

et al. 2014

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MS, 0000-0001-7972-9571Colonization success increases with the size of the founding group. Both demographic and genetic factors underlie this relationship, yet because genetic diversity normally increases with numbers of individuals, their relative importance remains unclear. Furthermore, their influence may depend on the environment and may change as colonization progresses from establishment through population growth and then dispersal. We tested the roles of genetics, demography and environment in the founding of Tribolium castaneum populations. Using three genetic backgrounds (inbred to outbred), we released individuals of four founding sizes (2-32) into two environments (natal and novel), and measured establishment success, initial population growth and dispersal. Establishment increased with founding size, whereas population growth was shaped by founding size, genetic background and environment. Population growth was depressed by inbreeding at small founding sizes, but growth rates were similar across genetic backgrounds at large founding size, an interaction indicating that the magnitude of the genetic effects depends upon founding population size. Dispersal rates increased with genetic diversity. These results suggest that numbers of individuals may drive initial establishment, but that subsequent population growth and spread, even in the first generation of colonization, can be driven by genetic processes, including both reduced growth owing to inbreeding depression, and increased dispersal with increased genetic diversity.

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“…Some of these interactions have been well studied, such as the cannibalistic interactions which vary in intensity with the age, sex, genotype, and density of both cannibal and victim (Sonleitner , 1961;King and Dawson, 1972;Sokoloff, 1974Sokoloff, , 1978. Other interactions, such as male-male interference (Birch et aI., 1951;Osborne, 1968), release of toxic quinones (Park, 1934(Park, , 1935(Park, , 1938aPark and Woollcott, 1937) and larval-larval jostling (Park, 1938b; Mertz and Robertson, 1970;Kence, 1973;McCauley, 1978) are less well understood but are known to vary from one genetic strain to another.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Group Selection: The Phenotypic and Genotypic Differentiation of Small Populations

1980

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The biological character or phenotype of a population is determined both by the genotypes of its component individuals and by their interaction with biotic and abiotic factors in the environment. To the extent that there are genetic differences among individuals, differences among populations may be generated by both drift and selection. In most theoretical studies, the populational phenotype is completely characterized by the genotypic or phenotypic mean and variance of its component individuals. In these cases, the population characteristic in question is simply a statistical summarization of its component parts. When this description of the relationship between individual and population phenotypes is accurate, the phenotypic differentiation of an array of populations owing to drift or selection can readily be represented by the frequency distribution of within-population means. This distribution is a complete characterization because the variance within the population in most genetic models is a function of the mean gene frequency and in most quantitative models this variance is assumed to be constant.However, laboratory studies of genotype-genotype and genotype-density interactions (Lewontin and Matsuo, 1963;Sokal and Karten, 1964;Weisbrot, 1966;McCauley and Sokal, 1977) have illustrated many instances in which the biological character or phenotype of a population is not a simple linear function of its component parts. As a result of the interactions among individuals, it is possible, at least in principle, for small genetic differences between groups of individuals to become relatively large differences in

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Factors Affecting Egg Cannibalism and Fecundity in Populations of Adult Tribolium castaneum Herbst

Cited by 82 publications

References 0 publications

THE ECOLOGICAL GENETICS OF THE MUTANT SOOTY IN POPULATIONS OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM ,

THE ECOLOGICAL GENETICS OF THE MUTANT SOOTY IN POPULATIONS OF TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM ,

The roles of demography and genetics in the early stages of colonization

Group Selection: The Phenotypic and Genotypic Differentiation of Small Populations

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