Factors affecting energy and nitrogen efficiency of dairy cows: A meta-analysis

Phuong, H.N.; Friggens, Nicolas; Boer, I.J.M. de; Schmidely, Philippe

doi:10.3168/jds.2013-6977

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…These results demonstrate that none of our Dutch case systems produced human-digestible energy more efficiently than crops and support earlier findings that plants produce energy more efficiently than protein (Penning De Vries et al 1974), whereas for livestock, this is reversed (Phuong et al 2013). From the perspective of food supply, therefore, the main role of livestock in a human diet is provision of protein.…”

Section: Results From An 'Energy' Perspectivesupporting

confidence: 79%

Global food supply: land use efficiency of livestock systems

Zanten

Mollenhorst

Klootwijk

et al. 2015

Int J Life Cycle Assess

202

131

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Purpose Livestock already use most global agricultural land, whereas the demand for animal-source food (ASF) is expected to increase. To address the contribution of livestock to global food supply, we need a measure for land use efficiency of livestock systems. Methods Existing measures capture different aspects of the debate about land use efficiency of livestock systems, such as plant productivity and the efficiency of converting feed, especially human-inedible feed, into animal products. So far, the suitability of land for cultivation of food crops has not been accounted for. Our land use ratio (LUR) includes all above-mentioned aspects and yields a realistic insight into land use efficiency of livestock systems. LUR is defined as the maximum amount of human-digestible protein (HDP) derived from food crops on all land used to cultivate feed required to produce 1 kg ASF over the amount of HDP in that 1 kg ASF. We illustrated our concept for three case systems. Results and discussion The LUR for the case of laying hens equaled 2.08, implying that land required to produce 1 kg HDP from laying hens could directly yield 2.08 kg HDP from human food crops. For dairy cows, the LUR was 2.10 when kept on sandy soils and 0.67 when kept on peat soils. The LUR for dairy cows on peat soils was lower compared to cows on sandy soils because land used to grow grass and grass silage for cows on peats was unsuitable for direct production of food crops. A LUR <1.0 is considered efficient in terms of global food supply and implies that animals produce more HDP per square metre than crops. Conclusions Values <1.0 demonstrate that livestock produce HDP more efficiently than crops. Such livestock systems (with a LUR<1.0), therefore, do have a role in future food supply and therefore contribute to food security. Our LUR offers identification of livestock production systems that contribute to global food supply, i.e. systems that value land with low opportunity costs for arable production and/or byproducts from crop cultivation or the food or energy industry.

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Section: Results From An 'Energy' Perspectivesupporting

confidence: 79%

Global food supply: land use efficiency of livestock systems

Zanten

Mollenhorst

Klootwijk

et al. 2015

Int J Life Cycle Assess

202

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The value of digestible energy (DE) in Table 6 was also showed that there was no significant difference (P>0.05), so that it could be said that cows given MHF or not had the same energy digestibility. Digestible energy was associated with DMI, which increasing of DE value of feed will reduce DMI, but it had a very weak relationship with milk production (Phuong et al, 2013).…”

Section: Dry Matter Intake Nutrient Digestibility On Dairy Cowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be interpreted that supplementation of MHF can maintain the persistency of milk production efficiently. Phuong et al (2013) stated that feed efficiency in dairy cow production was an important factor that must be considered because feed does not only affect profits but also affect environment in terms of sewage. If the nutrients that consumed were not converted into milk, food reserves of the body, or to the development of fetal bovine, the nutrients will be excreted into environment, which produces emissions, such as ammonia, methane or nitrous oxide (Thomassen et al, 2009).…”

Section: Milk Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Bioslurry on Maize Hydroponic Fodder as a Corn Silage Supplement on Nutrient Digestibility and Milk Production of Dairy Cows

Nugroho

Permana

Despal

2015

Med Pet

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The research was conducted to study the effect of addition of 7% DM maize hydroponic fodder (MHF) in corn silage on digestibility and milk production of dairy cows. The experiment used a completely randomized block design with two treatments, and four replications. The treatments were dairy cows fed with grass (Pennisetum purpureum), corn silage, and concentrate (R0), and dairy cows fed with grass (P. purpureum), corn silage, concentrate, and MHF (R1). This research used eight dairy cows with initial average milk production of 13.01±2.96 L/d. MHF was produced in a hydroponic system using bioslurry as a fertilizer enriched with mineral fertilizer. Variables observed were chemical composition of bioslurry, nutrient content of ration, daily dry matter intake, nutrient digestibility, Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN), and Digestible Energy (DE). Data were analyzed with ANOVA, except for milk production using ANCOVA. Supplementation of MHF resulted a higher total dry matter intake on R1 than R0 (P<0.05), 12.99±0.063 kg/head/d, and 11.98±0.295 kg/head/d, respectively. The digestibility of nutrients were not affected by the addition of MHF. Energy consumption in R1 was also higher than R0 (P<0.05), 49.95±0.36 Mkal/kg, and 46.11±0.54 Mkal/kg, respectively. Supplementation of MHF also increased nitrogen consumption, R1 was higher than R0 (P<0.05), 318.3±2.3 g/head/d, and 295.9±3.5 g/head/d, respectively, and could maintain the persistency of milk production at the end of lactation. It can be concluded that supplementation of MHF in corn silage can increase dry matter intake, energy consumption, and nitrogen consumption, also can maintain nutrient digestibility and maintain persistency of milk production during late lactation of dairy cows.Key words: bioslurry, dairy cow, greenhouse fodder, nutrient digestibility ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan 7% maize hydroponic fodder (MHF) sebagai suplemen silase jagung terhadap kecernaan nutrien dan produksi susu sapi perah. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 2 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan pertama adalah kontrol (R0), yaitu sapi perah yang diberi pakan rumput gajah (Pennisetum purpureum), silase jagung, dan konsentrat. Perlakuan kedua adalah sapi perah yang diberi pakan rumput gajah (P. purpureum), silase jagung, konsentrat, dan 7% MHF (R1). Sapi yang digunakan sebanyak 8 ekor dengan produksi susu awal 13.01±2.96 l/h. MHF diproduksi pada sistem hidroponik menggunakan bioslurry cair yang diperkaya dengan mineral mix sebagai sumber nutrien. Parameter yang diuji adalah kandungan nutrien bioslurry cair, kandungan nutrien ransum, konsumsi bahan kering, konsumsi nutrien, kecernaan nutrien, total digestible nutrient (TDN), kecernaan energi, dan produksi susu. Data dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA, kecuali peubah produksi susu menggunakan ANCOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan MHF memiliki total konsumsi bahan kering yang lebih tinggi (P<0,05), yaitu 12,99±0,063 kg/ekor/hari pada R1 dibandingkan dengan R0 ...

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“…Yan et al (2006) demonstrated that energetic efficiency of different breeds maintained under certain feeding regimes varied with different levels of concentrate in the diet. However, there is still need to better understand the efficacy and consistency of different assessment criteria for biological efficiency (Phuong et al, 2013). Furthermore, characteristics of efficiency profiles may vary within dairy production systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological efficiency profiles over the lactation period in multiparous high-producing dairy cows under divergent production systems

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The study examined variation in energetic-efficiency profiles among production systems and cow parities. Further, the correlation between cows' body condition score (BCS) and energetic efficiency over the lactation period was determined. Biological efficiency was defined using four measures of production efficiency and two measures of energetic efficiency. The following were measures of energetic efficiency: the net energy intake required to produce 1 kg milk solids (NE in / MS) and the proportion of net energy utilized for milk production after accounting for maintenance (NE lact / (NE in − NE m )). Seven years of data were gathered from a total of 595 Holstein-Friesian cows in a long-term genetics × feeding-management interaction project. Two feeding regimes -High forage (HF) and Low forage (LF) -were applied to each of two genetic lines (Control (C) and Select (S)), giving four dairy production systems: Low Forage Control (LFC), Low Forage Select (LFS), High Forage Control (HFC) and High Forage Select (HFS). LFS was the most efficient system using all measures. Variation in the rate and scale of change at which the cows' energetic efficiency declined over lactation was significantly different (P < 0.001) amongst different dairy production systems and parities. Loss of efficiency over the lactation period was lower in Select cows than in Control cows and increased with parity. The trajectory of energetic-efficiency profiles was influenced by cow genetic line, and yet the level of the efficiency profile was influenced by the feeding regime. There was a strong relationship between BCS and energetic efficiency. Continued in situ monitoring of cows' biological efficiency may enable optimal management of dairy systems.

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Factors affecting energy and nitrogen efficiency of dairy cows: A meta-analysis

Cited by 48 publications

References 125 publications

Global food supply: land use efficiency of livestock systems

Global food supply: land use efficiency of livestock systems

Utilization of Bioslurry on Maize Hydroponic Fodder as a Corn Silage Supplement on Nutrient Digestibility and Milk Production of Dairy Cows

Biological efficiency profiles over the lactation period in multiparous high-producing dairy cows under divergent production systems

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