Factors Affecting Engineering Properties of Microfine Cement Grouted Sands

Markou, Ioannis N.; Droudakis, Alexandros

doi:10.1007/s10706-013-9631-9

Cited by 53 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The evolution of UCS over curing time in grouted specimens containing initial water was consistent with that of the specimens without initial water. Additionally, as shown in Figure 5a, for the same curing time, the UCS curves all approximately increased with the increase in the porosity (corresponding to the grain size of sand) ( Table 1); in other words, as the sand particle size decreased, the strength of the grouted sand increased, as confirmed by previous research results [22,23]. Zebovitz, Krizek [24] reported that this phenomenon occurs because the number of grain-to-grain contacts per unit volume of sand increases as the gradation of sand becomes finer or as the specific surfaces of the sand become larger; therefore, it is reasonable that the finer sand would exhibit higher strength than the coarser sand.…”

Section: Macroscopic Mechanical Parameterssupporting

confidence: 85%

Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Behaviors of Grouted Sand with UF-OA Grouts

et al. 2018

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A detailed understanding of the engineering properties for grouted sand is a key concern in foundation engineering projects containing sand layers. In this research, experiments of grouting with various grain sizes of sand specimens using a new type of improved chemical material-urea formaldehyde resin mixed with oxalate curing agent (UF-OA), which has rarely been used as grout in the reinforcement of soft foundations, were conducted on the basis of a self-developed grouting test system. After grouting tests, the effects on the mechanical behaviors of grouted sand specimens were investigated through uniaxial compression tests considering the grain size, the presence or absence of initial water in sand, and the curing time for grouted sand. Experimental results show that with the increase in the grain size and the presence of initial water in the sand specimen, the values of uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and elastic moduli (E) of the grouted specimens decreased obviously, indicating that the increase of grain size and the presence of initial water have negative impacts on the mechanical behaviors of grouted sand; the peak strains (ε c) were almost unchanged after 14 days of curing; no brittle failure behavior occurred in the grouted specimens, and desirable ductile failure characteristics were distinct after uniaxial compression. These mechanical behaviors were significantly improved after 14 days of curing. The micro-structural properties obtained by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the finer grouted sand indicate preferable filling performance to some extent, thereby validating the macroscopic mechanical behaviors.

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Section: Macroscopic Mechanical Parameterssupporting

confidence: 85%

Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Behaviors of Grouted Sand with UF-OA Grouts

et al. 2018

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“…It may cause unrecoverable environmental destruction as well [2,3]. The permeation grouting method can fill the loose deposited mass well and improve the overall strength of the surrounding rock in the tunnel efficiently, which has been widely used in the treatment of mud inrush disaster [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Permeation Grouting Mechanism Considering Gravity in the Treatment of Mud Inrush Disaster

Liu¹,

Zhang²,

Mengtian³

et al. 2020

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

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Mud inrush disaster is a typical geological disaster during the construction of mountain tunnels, which may bring immense economic losses and is very harmful to the local environment. Permeation grouting is an important treatment method for mud inrush disaster, which has been wildly used in China. In this paper, a theoretical model of permeation diffusion of Bingham fluid considering gravity is presented. A set of visual permeation grouting experiment device was designed. The test results verify the new permeation diffusion model showing that the slurry is spherical diffusion, while the strip-shaped diffusion appears under the spherical diffusion. With the increase of grouting quantity, the spherical diffusion radius increases gradually. Meanwhile, both the number and radius of the stripshaped diffusion increases gradually. The regression analysis of grouting quantity of 30 typical test data shows that the degree of influence of the grouting quantity from big to small is: grouting pressure, permeability coefficient, and water-cement ratio. The statistics of the total grouting quantity and the grouting quantity of spherical diffusion indicate that the grouting quantity of strip-shaped diffusion accounted for about 50%, which shows the importance of strip-shaped diffusion in surrounding rock reinforcement. This new diffusion model has certain guiding significance for practice.

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“…Mollamahmutoglu and Yilmaz [21] firstly evaluated some basic properties of the superfine cement suspensions such as stability, viscosity, and setting time, and then permeability behaviors under different grouting pressures of the studied suspensions injected into sand specimens with different gradations were examined. Markou and Droudakis [22] evaluated some relevant parameters influencing grout effectiveness by an experimental investigation. e results confirmed that several parameters such as (w/c) ratio, bleed capacity of suspensions, and permeability coefficient of used sands actually control the grouted sand properties so as to determine grout quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of Permeation Grouting considering Grout Self-Gravity Effect: Theoretical and Experimental Study

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2019

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Self-gravity is one key parameter for behavior characterization of grout permeation and diffusion.is study proposes mathematical models for permeation grouting with consideration of grout self-gravity effect. e models concerning power law, Bingham, and Newtonian grouts are based on the generalized Darcy's law and spherical diffusion theory. In addition, a prediction model of grout concretion dimension used for Bingham grout was developed. An analysis of the injection pressure distribution law and a comparative evaluation of diffusion radius considering self-gravity effect using established models were conducted subsequently. Moreover, grouting experiments were performed to check and verify the prediction model. e experimental results showed that injection pressure decreases linearly with increase of diffusion radius for the power-law grout, while nonlinear decrease of injection pressure was confirmed in Bingham and Newtonian grouts in this case. ree grouts approximately diffuse in an "ellipsoidal" shape, and it is confirmed that the diffusion radius is closely related to grout self-gravity. e Newtonian grout produces the maximum diffusion radius compared with the other two grouts whether the gravity effects were considered or not. e grout quantity under a smaller water-to-cement (w/c) ratio exhibits a significant difference and undergoes two increasing stages, whereas the quantity simply tends to be stable after it reaches its maximum in terms of the larger (w/c) ratios. e constructed dimension prediction model agrees well with the experimental results, which can be helpful for design and assessment of the grouting scheme.

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Factors Affecting Engineering Properties of Microfine Cement Grouted Sands

Cited by 53 publications

References 11 publications

Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Behaviors of Grouted Sand with UF-OA Grouts

Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Behaviors of Grouted Sand with UF-OA Grouts

Research on Permeation Grouting Mechanism Considering Gravity in the Treatment of Mud Inrush Disaster

Modelling of Permeation Grouting considering Grout Self-Gravity Effect: Theoretical and Experimental Study

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