Factors Affecting Improvement of Stereopsis Following Successful Surgical Correction of Childhood Strabismus in Adults

Andalib, D; Nabie, Reza; Poormohammad, Bayan

doi:10.3109/09273972.2015.1025985

Cited by 15 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, in static stereopsis, a significant improvement trend was observed until 6 months after surgery; thus, the sensitivity to detection was lower than that of dynamic stereopsis. We determined that the decreasing tendency or rebound of both static and dynamic stereopsis at the 12 th month postoperatively may be related to the recurrence of strabismus or an increase in the strabismus degree, and that an intervention for binocular function or stereopsis training in the 6 th month helps improve or stabilize binocular function and even reduces recurrence rates (19,20), which deserves further study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel dynamic random-dot stereopsis assessment to measure stereopsis in intermittent exotropia

et al. 2021

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Background: To investigate dynamic stereopsis in intermittent exotropia [X(T)] patients using a novel dynamic random-dot stereopsis assessment method.Methods: A novel dynamic random-dot stereopsis test was performed using novel self-programmed software, which consisted of red and green dots and four blocks on the screen. The test included motion + disparity (MD), motion (M), and disparity (D), where the D cues ranged from 200 to 1,200 arc-seconds.The characteristics of preoperative dynamic stereopsis in 83 X(T) patients and associations with clinical features were analysed, and the prognosis was followed up on the 1 st day and at the 2 nd , 6 th and 12 th months postoperatively.Results: Preoperatively, the mean reciprocal values of near and far stereopsis were 0.013±0.0016 and 0.0011±0.0005 arc-seconds in static stereopsis patients, respectively, and the MD, M, and D values were 0.002±0.0002, 0.0018±0.0001, and 0.0012±0.0002 arc-seconds in dynamic stereopsis, respectively. The MD value was negatively correlated with the Newcastle control score, disease course, and prism deviations (P<0.05), M was correlated with disease course and the Newcastle control score (P<0.05), and D was not correlated with any clinical features. Postoperative dynamic stereopsis improved from the 1 st day and gradually peaked at the 6 th month, while static stereopsis showed a decreased tendency in near but not far stereopsis. Conclusions:The dynamic stereopsis quantitative evaluation method based on random dots is a feasible test and shows that destruction of X(T) patients' dynamic stereopsis is affected by age at surgery, disease course, strabismus controllability and the strabismus degree.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel dynamic random-dot stereopsis assessment to measure stereopsis in intermittent exotropia

et al. 2021

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“…Whilst not often performed in patients with a history of infant onset exotropia, a prolonged Prism Adaptation Test (PAT) compliantly performed in a motivated adult may in this situation have shown potential for BSV by allowing more time pre-operatively to re-establish a BSV response than the synoptophore evaluation (Prism adaptation study research group 1990). Andalib et al (2015) performed a review of childhood onset strabismus undergoing surgery in adulthood, specifically looking at prognostic factors for sensory outcomes. This more general, non-targeted review included exotropes and esotropes that were not subcategorised further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our case has maintained measurable stereoacuity for almost two decades, with, on each occasion of subsequent surgeries (Operations 3 & 4), a slight reduction in stereovision preceding a further surgical intervention and improvement post-operatively (Figure 5). Fluctuations of stereo-acuity, even in those who are visually mature can occur and seemingly there is residual neural plasticity (Andalib et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Post-Surgical Stereovision Surprise in an Adult With an Exotropia Since Infancy Previously Managed, at Two Years With Surgery

Littlewood

Rhodes

Burke

2021

British and Irish Orthoptic Journal

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Aim:To describe an unexpected sensory outcome in an adult male who is seeking ocular re-alignment for a psychosocially symptomatic large non-specific exotropia with suppression. The primary diagnosis was infant onset exodeviation of unclear diagnosis, was managed with bilateral strabismus surgery at two years of age, little memory of follow-up.Result: Measurable binocular single vision (BSV) was demonstrable following surgery at 17 years of age, albeit slowly between two weeks and six months postoperatively and subsequently enhanced. His newly acquired sub-optimal BSV led to symptomatic occupation-associated asthenopia. Following two subsequent operations over a 15-year period, he has stable, symptom-free ocular realignment within three prism diopters of orthophoria and performing tasks that require extended periods of nearvision activity. Conclusion:Delayed high levels of stereovision were unexpectedly achieved in an adult with infant onset exotropia with pre-operative sensory suppression that was surgically aligned to near orthophoria. The re-establishment of BSV in such a clinical scenario has to attain a level that is robust enough to meet an individual's social and occupational needs.

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“…[13][14][15] Third, stereopsis is significantly associated with the postoperative alignment of the eyes and the closer the patient is to the orthotropic state after treatment, the higher the chances of the patient developing good stereopsis. 8,19 Hence, as strabismologists, we should focus on achieving orthotropia in these patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extent of Improvement in Binocularity and Stereopsis in Constant Concomitant Horizontal Strabismus After Surgical Management and Its Association With the Postoperative Ocular Alignment

Kohli¹,

Mehta²,

Kumar³

et al. 2017

jebmh

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BACKGROUNDThe gradual decrease in binocularity and stereopsis in patients with concomitant strabismus decreases the depth perception of the patients and adversely affects the reading speed and the motor dexterity skills of the individuals. It had been observed earlier that early management is necessary to help patients regain their binocularity, but recent studies indicate that binocularity and stereopsis may improve in these patients even if they are treated later in life, provided they are managed well. Hence, we undertook this study to determine the extent of improvement in binocularity and stereopsis in patients with long-standing large angle constant concomitant horizontal strabismus after surgical management after the age of 16 years and its association with the postoperative alignment. MATERIALS AND METHODSA prospective clinical trial was conducted in 30 patients with constant concomitant horizontal strabismus of more than 25 prism dioptres who presented after the age of 16 years. Binocularity and stereopsis were measured in the patients with the help of Worth 4-dot test, synoptophore, Lang II test plate, Randot test plates and TNO test plates. The measurements were done preoperatively and 6 weeks after surgical treatment. The changes in the measurements were associated with the postoperative alignment. RESULTSPreoperatively, the patients demonstrated either alternating or unilateral suppression with no measurable stereopsis. Postoperatively, satisfactory surgical alignment defined as tropia less than or equal to 8 Prism Dioptres (PD) was achieved in 23 (76.6%) of the patients. 19 (63.3%) patients achieved binocularity on Worth 4-dot test and synaptophore, but alternating or unilateral suppression was still present in 11 (36.6%) of the patients. 17 (56.6%) of the 30 patients achieved stereopsis on Lang II, Randot and TNO test plates. Development of stereopsis was associated with postoperative alignment with 16 (69.5%) of the 23 satisfactorily aligned patients and only 1 (14.3%) of the 7 patients with a residual deviation of ≥10PD achieving stereopsis. CONCLUSIONSignificant improvement in binocularity and stereopsis can be achieved in patients with long-standing large angle constant concomitant horizontal strabismus after surgical management even after the age of 16 years and the development of binocularity and stereopsis is associated with the final postoperative alignment. BACKGROUNDStrabismus or misalignment of the eyes is a common condition affecting 1-4% of the world population. 1 The presence of strabismus profoundly affects the life of the individual not only due to the cosmetic effect and the associated psychosocial implications, but also due to the decrease in binocularity, fusional amplitudes and stereopsis. It may also lead to a decrease in the visual acuity of an eye due to strabismic amblyopia, if strabismus develops during the early years of life. It has been seen that this decrease in Financial or Other, Competing Interest: None.

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Factors Affecting Improvement of Stereopsis Following Successful Surgical Correction of Childhood Strabismus in Adults

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

A novel dynamic random-dot stereopsis assessment to measure stereopsis in intermittent exotropia

A novel dynamic random-dot stereopsis assessment to measure stereopsis in intermittent exotropia

A Post-Surgical Stereovision Surprise in an Adult With an Exotropia Since Infancy Previously Managed, at Two Years With Surgery

Extent of Improvement in Binocularity and Stereopsis in Constant Concomitant Horizontal Strabismus After Surgical Management and Its Association With the Postoperative Ocular Alignment

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