Factors Affecting in Vitro Propagation of Rose1

Abstract

The node position from which axillary buds were isolated from shoots of rose (Rosa hybrida L.) markedly affected their growth and development in culture. Those buds nearest to and furthest from the apex either failed to develop or took the longest time to develop in culture compared to those buds in the middle portion of the stem. Benzylamino purine (BA) at low concentrations (0.03 to 0.3 mg/liter) stimulated the development of the axillary buds of ‘Gold Glow’ but not of ‘Improved Blaze’. A photon flux density (400-700 nm) of 17μE m−2 s−1 for 12 to 24 hours daily was optimum for the stimulation of shoot multiplication, while 66 μE mm−2s−1 for 12 to 24 hr was optimum for root initiation and for subsequent successful transplantation to soil of tissue culture-derived plants. A constant temperature of 21°C resulted in the highest rate of shoot multiplication and root initiation. Plants which initiated roots at 16, 21, or 26° had the highest level of transplant survival. An alteration in the temperature of the 8-hr dark period from 21° did not increase shoot multiplication, although root initiation was enhanced by lowering the night temperature to 11 or 16°. Histological analysis indicated that shoot multiplication of rose shoots occurs through the growth and development of axillary buds. The development of axillary buds is apparently under the repressive influence of the shoot apex, because physical excision of the apex or application to the shoot apex of 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) facilitated axillary bud development. Root initiation was affected markedly by the length of time that cultures had been maintained on shoot multiplication medium prior to transfer to rooting medium. This effect may be attributable to the BA in the shoot multiplication medium which may have accumulated in the tissue. If the endogenous cytokinin level is too high, root initiation may be inhibited and if it is too low the shoot undergoes senescence before it becomes cytokinin-autonomous, which occurs after root initiation.

Micropropagation of Al-Taif Rose: Effects of Medium Constituents and Light on In Vitro Rooting and Acclimatization

“…However, in our study, light intensity did not influence rooting percentage and a treatment of 50 PPFD was found to be optimal for plant growth. This result is consistent with a study of Rose hybrida, in which a medium light intensity of 66 PPFD for 12-14 h proved to be optimal for in vitro rooting [52]. Moreover, in our study the addition of AC to the rooting medium resulted in 100% rooting of Al-Taif rose.…”

Anatomical and biochemical changes during adventitious rooting of apple rootstocks MM 106 cultured in vitro

“…The time required for adventitious root initiation has varied between species. Meristematic activity in response to inductive treatment was observed within: eight days in Camellia japonica L. [34], six days in Cynara scolymus [35], five days in Malus pumila 'KSC-3' [31], four days in Rosa hybrida [45], in chestnut [30] and in apple tree [33], three days in Malus domestica Borkh 'Jork 9' [24], two days in Prunus avium L. × Prunus pseudocerasus lind [38], and Malus domestica Borkh 'Gala' [41]. The auxin concentration in the culture medium can also explain some of these differences.…”

Effect of microclimatic physical factors on in vitro morphogenesis of plants: a systematic review

“…However, an increased root system with a higher temperature reduced the transport from per unit area rather than at a lower temperature, the increased transport from per unit area indicated inhibitory effects of decreasing temperature [113]. Although, in case of rose, the lower temperature enhanced the root initiation and ceased the multiplication of plantlets [114].…”