Factors affecting inactivation of Moraxella-Acinetobacter cells in an irradiation process

Firstenberg‐Eden, Ruth; Rowley, D. B.; Shattuck, G. Edgar

doi:10.1128/aem.40.3.480-485.1980

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…However, the strain PRwf-1 that accounts for 25% of the housefly microbiome (Fig. 3 ), shows physiological adaptation to survival in warmer temperatures and has been previously associated with food spoilage 27 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The microbiomes of blowflies and houseflies as bacterial transmission reservoirs

Junqueira

Ratan

Acerbi

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

109

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Blowflies and houseflies are mechanical vectors inhabiting synanthropic environments around the world. They feed and breed in fecal and decaying organic matter, but the microbiome they harbour and transport is largely uncharacterized. We sampled 116 individual houseflies and blowflies from varying habitats on three continents and subjected them to high-coverage, whole-genome shotgun sequencing. This allowed for genomic and metagenomic analyses of the host-associated microbiome at the species level. Both fly host species segregate based on principal coordinate analysis of their microbial communities, but they also show an overlapping core microbiome. Legs and wings displayed the largest microbial diversity and were shown to be an important route for microbial dispersion. The environmental sequencing approach presented here detected a stochastic distribution of human pathogens, such as Helicobacter pylori, thereby demonstrating the potential of flies as proxies for environmental and public health surveillance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The microbiomes of blowflies and houseflies as bacterial transmission reservoirs

Junqueira

Ratan

Acerbi

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

109

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“…Acinetobacter spp. flourish at a wide range of temperatures including refrigeration, as well as low pH and dry conditions, and resist disinfection and irradiation ( Firstenberg-Eden et al, 1980a , b ; Rathinavelu et al, 2003 ). The specific species A. baumannii , A. indicus , A. lwoffii , and A. towneri were found in all components when samples from the different management styles were combined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The bacterial and archaeal communities of flies, manure, lagoons, and troughs at a working dairy

Crippen,

Kim,

Poole

et al. 2024

Front. Microbiol.

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BackgroundFundamental investigations into the location, load, and persistence of microbes, whether beneficial or detrimental, are scarce. Many questions about the retention and survival of microbes on various surfaces, as well as the load necessary for spread, exist. To answer these questions, we must know more about where to find various microbes and in what concentrations, the composition of the microbial communities, and the extent of dissemination between various elements. This study investigated the diversity, composition, and relative abundance of the communities associated with manure, lagoons, troughs, house flies, and stable flies present at a dairy, implementing two different free-stall management systems: flow-through and cross-vent. Shotgun metagenomics at the community level was used to compare the microbiomes within the dairy, allowing confident interpretation at the species level.ResultsThe results showed that there were significant difference in microbial composition between not only each of the dairy elements but also management styles. The primary exceptions were the microbiomes of the house fly and the stable fly. Their compositions heavily overlapped with one another, but interestingly, not with the other components sampled. Additionally, both species of flies carried more pathogens than the other elements of the dairy, indicating that they may not share these organisms with the other components, or that the environments offered by the other components are unsatisfactory for the survival of some pathogens..ConclusionThe lack of overlapping pathogen profiles suggests a lack of transfer from flies to other dairy elements. Dairy health data, showing a low incidence of disease, suggests minimal sharing of bacteria by the flies at a level required for infection, given the health program of this dairy. While flies did carry a multitude of pathogenic bacteria, the mere presence of the bacteria associated with the flies did not necessarily translate into high risk leading to morbidity and mortality at this dairy. Thus, using flies as the sole sentinel of dairy health may not be appropriate for all bacterial pathogens or dairies.

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“…Acinetobacter spp., such as A. baumannii and A. lwoffii are non-fastidious and can rely on a single energy source from different substrates (Rathinavelu et al, 2003 ). They are resistant to radiation (Firstenberg-Eden et al, 1980b ) and several disinfectants and can survive in a wide range of temperatures (Firstenberg-Eden et al, 1980a ) and even in low pH. These features might explain why Acinetobacter spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional Metagenomics of Spacecraft Assembly Cleanrooms: Presence of Virulence Factors Associated with Human Pathogens

et al. 2016

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Strict planetary protection practices are implemented during spacecraft assembly to prevent inadvertent transfer of earth microorganisms to other planetary bodies. Therefore, spacecraft are assembled in cleanrooms, which undergo strict cleaning and decontamination procedures to reduce total microbial bioburden. We wanted to evaluate if these practices selectively favor survival and growth of hardy microorganisms, such as pathogens. Three geographically distinct cleanrooms were sampled during the assembly of three NASA spacecraft: The Lockheed Martin Aeronautics' Multiple Testing Facility during DAWN, the Kennedy Space Center's Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility (KSC-PHSF) during Phoenix, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Spacecraft Assembly Facility during Mars Science Laboratory. Sample sets were collected from the KSC-PHSF cleanroom at three time points: before arrival of the Phoenix spacecraft, during the assembly and testing of the Phoenix spacecraft, and after removal of the spacecraft from the KSC-PHSF facility. All samples were subjected to metagenomic shotgun sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. Strict decontamination procedures had a greater impact on microbial communities than sampling location Samples collected during spacecraft assembly were dominated by Acinetobacter spp. We found pathogens and potential virulence factors, which determine pathogenicity in all the samples tested during this study. Though the relative abundance of pathogens was lowest during the Phoenix assembly, potential virulence factors were higher during assembly compared to before and after assembly, indicating a survival advantage. Decreased phylogenetic and pathogenic diversity indicates that decontamination and preventative measures were effective against the majority of microorganisms and well implemented, however, pathogen abundance still increased over time. Four potential pathogens, Acinetobacter baumannii, Acinetobacter lwoffii, Escherichia coli and Legionella pneumophila, and their corresponding virulence factors were present in all cleanroom samples. This is the first functional metagenomics study describing presence of pathogens and their corresponding virulence factors in cleanroom environments. The results of this study should be considered for microbial monitoring of enclosed environments such as schools, homes, hospitals and more isolated habitation such the International Space Station and future manned missions to Mars.

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Factors affecting inactivation of Moraxella-Acinetobacter cells in an irradiation process

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

The microbiomes of blowflies and houseflies as bacterial transmission reservoirs

The microbiomes of blowflies and houseflies as bacterial transmission reservoirs

The bacterial and archaeal communities of flies, manure, lagoons, and troughs at a working dairy

Functional Metagenomics of Spacecraft Assembly Cleanrooms: Presence of Virulence Factors Associated with Human Pathogens

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