Factors affecting mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharide production in submerged cultivation of Antrodia cinnamomea using complex media

Lin, En‐Shyh; Chen, Yueh-Hsiang

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2006.09.008

Cited by 68 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The mycelia were then transferred to glucose yeast malt peptone broth. 46 The inoculated medium was incubated at 28°C ± 2°C and agitated at 150 rpm for 10 days. After incubation, the mycelia were harvested and washed with distilled water.…”

Section: Culturing and Maintenance Of Ganoderma Neo-japonicummentioning

confidence: 99%

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ganoderma neo-japonicum Imazeki: a potential cytotoxic agent against breast cancer cells

Gurunathan¹,

Raman²,

Malek³

et al. 2013

IJN

132

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Background Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are an important class of nanomaterial for a wide range of industrial and biomedical applications. AgNPs have been used as antimicrobial and disinfectant agents due their detrimental effect on target cells. The aim of our study was to determine the cytotoxic effects of biologically synthesized AgNPs using hot aqueous extracts of the mycelia of Ganoderma neo-japonicum Imazeki on MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Methods We developed a green method for the synthesis of water-soluble AgNPs by treating silver ions with hot aqueous extract of the mycelia of G. neo-japonicum. The formation of AgNPs was characterized by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the toxicity of synthesized AgNPs was evaluated using a series of assays: such as cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase leakage, reactive oxygen species generation, caspase 3, DNA laddering, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling in human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). Results The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy results showed a strong resonance centered on the surface of AgNPs at 420 nm. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed that the synthesized AgNPs were single-crystalline, corresponding with the result of transmission electron microscopy. Treatment of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with various concentrations of AgNPs (1–10 μg/mL) for 24 hours revealed that AgNPs could inhibit cell viability and induce membrane leakage in a dose-dependent manner. Cells exposed to AgNPs showed increased reactive oxygen species and hydroxyl radical production. Furthermore, the apoptotic effects of AgNPs were confirmed by activation of caspase 3 and DNA nuclear fragmentation. Conclusion The results indicate that AgNPs possess cytotoxic effects with apoptotic features and suggest that the reactive oxygen species generated by AgNPs have a significant role in apoptosis. The present findings suggest that AgNPs could contribute to the development of a suitable anticancer drug, which may lead to the development of a novel nanomedicine for the treatment of cancers.

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Section: Culturing and Maintenance Of Ganoderma Neo-japonicummentioning

confidence: 99%

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ganoderma neo-japonicum Imazeki: a potential cytotoxic agent against breast cancer cells

Gurunathan¹,

Raman²,

Malek³

et al. 2013

IJN

132

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“…Fungal exopolysaccharides function in adhesion to the substrate, immobilization of extracellular enzymes, prevention of hyphal dehydration, and storage of excess nutrients, as well as participate in lignin degradation, a widespread process among basidiomycetes (Elisashvili, 2012 In our study, the exopolysaccharide production from strains of A. subrufescens varied from 3.41-20.97 mg·L -1 ·day -1 , with a possible greater increase in exopolysaccharide production after the optimization of the cultivation conditions. Lin and Chen (2007) studied the factors affecting the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides in submerged cultivation of Antrodia cinnamomea. They observed that high mycelial biomass production was not a determining factor for a high exopolysaccharide yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short Communication Screening of basidiomycetes in submerged cultivation based on antioxidant activity

Umeo¹,

Souza²,

Rapachi³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Submerged cultivation of medicinal basidiomycetes is a reproducible and efficient method of producing mycelia and metabolites. The antioxidant activity indicates its medicinal properties and is an important tool for basidiomycete screening. In this study, we analyzed the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides and the antioxidant activity of basidiomycete strains in submerged cultivation. Twenty-five strains were used for submerged cultivation in extract malt medium, and the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides was evaluated. Antioxidant activity was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method. Among the 25 evaluated strains, Lentinus crinitus produced the highest biomass, reaching 1190 ± 52 mg·L -1 day -1 ; Agaricus subrufescens strains had the highest exopolysaccharide production from 18.96 ± 0.15 to 20.97 ± 2.10 mg L -1 ·day -1 . Additionally, A. subrufescens showed the highest total antioxidant activity, reinforcing the therapeutic potential of this basidiomycete. No significant correlation was found between mycelial biomass or exopolysaccharide production and antioxidant activity; S.H. Umeo et al. 9908©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 14 (3): 9907-9914 (2015) however, the results depended on each species and the strains of the same species. We found large variations in the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides and in antioxidant activity among different species and among strains of the same species. Thus, evaluating the total antioxidant activity is an important tool for identifying strains with biotechnological potential.

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“…Various polysaccharides, steroids, triterpenoids and sesquiterpene lactones have been isolated and characterized from the fruiting body [62], whereas maleic and succinic acid derivatives (120-124; antrodins A-E) have been isolated from the mycelium of A. cinnamomea [64] (Figure 9). We investigated the HCV-protease inhibitory activities of isolated antrodins, antrodin C metabolites and a metabolite analogue using the SensoLyteTM 520 HCV protease assay kit.…”

Section: Maleic and Succinic Acid Derivatives (Antrodin A-e)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fruiting body of A. cinnamomea has been traditionally used to treat liver cancer [62] and A. camphorata polysaccharides have hepatoprotective effects [63] as well as anti-hepatitis B virus activity [62]. Quantitative analysis showed that 122 was the most abundant compound of this chemical type in the mycelium, comprising about 5 of the dry weight of the mycelia [66].…”

Section: Maleic and Succinic Acid Derivatives (Antrodin A-e)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Anti-HIV and Anti-HCV Compounds from Natural Sources

2013

Can Chem Trans

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This review article describes our recent research on (from 2005 to the end of 2012) isolation and identification of natural products, their in vivo metabolites and synthesized derivatives as potential anti-viral agents. Bioactivity assays focused on the inhibition of essential viral enzymes such as HIV protease, HCV protease, and -glucosidase. Bioactive compounds were structurally classified as lignans, triterpenes, chlorogenic acid derivatives and farnesyl hydroquinones. The possible mechanisms of inhibition of a representative triterpene and a farnesyl hydroquinone on HIV-1 protease are discussed. We structurally modified some known triterpenes (betulinic, oleanolic, ursolic and glycyrrhetic acids, panaxadiol, panaxatriol) and chlorogenic acid to identify derivatives with improved inhibitory potency or improved selectivity for viral essential enzymes. Some novel structure-activity relationships (SARs) are also presented in this paper.

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Factors affecting mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharide production in submerged cultivation of Antrodia cinnamomea using complex media

Cited by 68 publications

References 29 publications

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ganoderma neo-japonicum Imazeki: a potential cytotoxic agent against breast cancer cells

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Ganoderma neo-japonicum Imazeki: a potential cytotoxic agent against breast cancer cells

Short Communication Screening of basidiomycetes in submerged cultivation based on antioxidant activity

Survey of Anti-HIV and Anti-HCV Compounds from Natural Sources

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