Factors Affecting Nutritional Status and the Impact of Nutritional Support in Patients with Emphysema

The Effect of Growth Hormone on Weight Gain and Pulmonary Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

“…1 ·3.4. [6][7][8][9] Furthermore, the severity of the weight deficit correlates with the severity of COPD 1 · 5 • 10 and significant respiratory muscle weakness. 1 • 4 • 5 • 10 • 11 -14 Results of studies of the effects of nutritional repletion on respiratory muscle function in COPD vary, with some showing improvement in muscle strength during either inpatient or outpatient dietary supplementation 4 • 11 • 13 • 15 • 16 while others do not.…”

Enteral feeding in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

“…Other preliminary studies have also demonstrated a failure to effect meaningful changes in nutritional status and/or pulmonary function in ambulatory undernourished patients with COPD taking supplemental formulas orally. [20][21][22] In the study by Openbrier et al, despite oral supplemention and nutritional counselling, bodyweight and FEV 1 fell progressively over a period of 12-22 months. 20 Stauffer et al demonstrated no change in nutritional status in 10 patients with severe COPD given a liquid formula supplement for a 30 day period.…”

“…[20][21][22] In the study by Openbrier et al, despite oral supplemention and nutritional counselling, bodyweight and FEV 1 fell progressively over a period of 12-22 months. 20 Stauffer et al demonstrated no change in nutritional status in 10 patients with severe COPD given a liquid formula supplement for a 30 day period. 22 In a study by Wilson et al, six malnourished patients with emphysema were evaluated after they had received an ad libitum diet that was supplemented if caloric intake was less than 15% of basal metabolic rate.…”

Nutritional Issues in Pulmonary Rehabilitation

“…615 A lower caloric intake might account for the weight loss; however, studies that have quantitated caloric intake through dietary histories have demonstrated that calorie and protein intake of malnourished and adequately nourished patients with COPD are similar. 5,6,15 In fact, Hunter and associates 5 found that calorie and nutrient intake for patients with COPD was significantly greater than recommended. Although dietary histories and dietary records are not always reliable, 34 most studies agree that caloric intake is not less than would be recommended using standards for healthy adults.…”

“…In spite of 13 weeks of nutritional repletion, body weight only increased 1.5 kg, without changes in respiratory muscle parameters. Openbrier and coworkers 15 followed six undernourished and eight adequately nourished COPD patients for 12 to 22 months. Despite oral supplements and nutritional counseling, body weight fell progressively, although at a slower rate than prior to nutritional support.…”