Factors affecting quality of life in low‐income overweight and obese women: The mediating effects of health‐promoting behaviors

Abstract

Background It is necessary to comprehensively consider the personal and environmental factors of women who experience overweight or obesity and low‐income households (WOOL) to improve their quality of life (QoL). Aims The aim of this study was to test a hypothetical path model to estimate the effects of self‐efficacy, psychological distress, social support, and health‐promoting behaviors (HPB) on QoL and verify the mediating effects of HPB among WOOL. Methods A total of 151 women with a monthly household income less than 50% of the national median income at eight welfare centers in South Korea participated in this study. Data were collected from January to December 2019 and analyzed using SPSS 25.0 and Amos 23.0. Results The fit indices of the model were adequate (χ2 = 0.197, p = .657; normed χ2 = 0.197, GFI = 0.999, CFI = 1.000, NFI = 0.999, TLI = 1.000, RMSEA = 0.000, and SRMR = 0.005). Self‐efficacy had significant indirect and total effects on QoL (β = 0.064, p = .004, 95% CI [0.015, 0.139]; β = 0.064, p = .004, 95% CI [0.015, 0.139]). HPB completely mediated the path of self‐efficacy to QoL. Social support had significant total, direct, indirect, and total effects on QoL (β = 0.326, p = .001, 95% CI [0.010, 0.025]; β = 0.047, p = .015, 95% CI [0.008, 0.120]; β = 0.373, p = .001, 95% CI [0.015, 0.369]). HPB partially mediated the path of social support to QoL. Psychological distress had significant direct effects on QoL (β = −0.307, p = .001, 95% CI [−0.022, −0.007]). Self‐efficacy, psychological distress, social support, and HPB explained 42.3% of the total variance in QoL. Linking Evidence to Action Integrated nursing interventions that consider self‐efficacy, psychological distress, social stress, and HPB can be useful for improving the QoL of WOOL.

Research Trends of Lifestyle Intervention for Women With Obesity: A Text Network Analysis

“…Among the various centrality indicators, degree, closeness, and centrality are the most widely used [ 16 ]. Degree centrality is a measure of “how many connections the nodes of a network have” [ 5 ]; it is the value obtained after the number of neighboring nodes directly connected to the keyword (degree) is divided by the number of nodes excluding itself (n–1). Degree centrality is a measure of activity, which is the degree to which it co-occurs with other keywords.…”

“…Being overweight and obese are important risk factors for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, early death [ 2 ], adverse pregnancy outcomes [ 3 ], and chronic diseases [ 4 ]. In particular, obesity is also associated with some cancers, such as endometrial cancer, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer [ 1 ], and the quality of life is also low [ 5 ], which suggests the importance of obesity management [ 4 ].…”