Factors affecting rainfall interception determined by a forest simulator and numerical model

Toba, Tae; Ohta, Takeshi

doi:10.1002/hyp.6859

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…An analysis of factors that affect the S and wettability is of increasing interest to ecohydrologists [8,29,[50][51][52][53]. However, the mechanism of the adherence of water to the plant material is not yet fully understood [8,9,54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in the Wettability and Water Storage Capacity of Common Oak Leaves (Quercus robur L.)

Klamerus‐Iwan

Witek

2018

Water

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Abstract:The canopy water storage capacity and wettability of the plant material are significantly dependent on the condition of the leaf surface. The aim of the present research was an analysis of the influence of infection with oak powdery mildew, seasonal changes occurring on leaves and factors related to location on the surface of leaves and their hydrological properties. This study performed a series of experiments connecting the direct spraying of tree branches with simulated rainfall under laboratory conditions; an analysis of the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in leaves with the use of the chromatograph; and measurements of the angles of adherence of raindrops to the leaf surface. Degree of wettability was determined and, additionally, photographs were taken with a scanning electron microscope. The experiments were performed on common oak (Quercus robur L.) both in the city and in the forest, on two dates: in May and September. All series of measurements were done on healthy leaves and on leaves covered with oak powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides Griff. et Maubl.) to various degrees. Oak powdery mildew has the largest influence on the canopy water storage capacity and on hydrophobicity. In September, the leaves retained an average of 7.2 g/g more water than in May; and, in the leaves from the city, the canopy water storage capacity was 3.1 g/g higher. A decreasing angle of inclination of raindrops to leaves testified to growing wettability and increased the amount of water retained in tree crowns. An additional analysis of SEM photographs points to a dependency of the canopy water storage capacity on the condition of the surface of leaves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in the Wettability and Water Storage Capacity of Common Oak Leaves (Quercus robur L.)

Klamerus‐Iwan

Witek

2018

Water

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“…Lastly, the small proportion of forest land in this area, as well as in the upstream part of the catchment (Castonguay et Saint-Laurent 2009, suggests that it cannot be a determining factor in the overall assessment of the intercepted waters during periods of heavy rain. It is known that the type and density of the vegetation cover, as well as urbanization, have a direct impact on surface runoff and, as a result, on the hydrological response of rivers and streams (Chase et al 2000, Reynard et al 2001, Rey et al 2004, Wissmar and Timm 2004, Camorani et al 2005, Ferreira et al 2005, Allen et al 2008, Toba and Ohta 2008, Huaxia et al 2009). The vegetation cover not only allows rainwater to be intercepted, but its efficacy is dependent on the proportion of its coverage, distribution and type (e.g.…”

Section: Land-use Changes and Flood-risk Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flood events and flood risk assessment in relation to climate and land-use changes: Saint-François River, southern Québec, Canada

Ouellet

Saint-Laurent

Normand³

2012

Hydrological Sciences Journal

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In the current context of climatic variability, it is important to quantify the impact on the environment. This study deals with an analysis of climatic data and land-use changes in terms of the impacts on flood recurrence based on multisource data. The study area covers the mouth of the Saint-François River (southern Québec, Canada), where spring floods and ice jams are a recurring problem. The flood frequency analysis shows an increase in flooding over recent decades, attributable to an increase in winter temperatures that has the effect of causing ice jams earlier in the year. Regarding land-use changes, a small decrease in agricultural surface areas is observed, from 53% to 39%, along with increases in forest and urban surface areas from 27% to 38% (forest) and 3% to 5% (urban) between 1928 and 2005. In a context of continuing climate warming, more pronounced inter-annual variations are to be expected along with a higher incidence of flooding.Key words flood frequency; ice jams; climatic variability; land-use changes; southern Québec; Canada Inondation et évaluation du risque d'inondation en lien avec les changements climatiques et d'occupation des solsRésumé Dans le contexte actuel des changements climatiques, il devient nécessaire de quantifier leurs effets sur l'environnement. Cette étude porte sur l'analyse des impacts climatiques et anthropiques sur la récurrence des inondations à partir de données multisources. La région d'étude couvre l'embouchure de la rivière SaintFrançois (sud du Québec, Canada), où les inondations printanières et les embâcles demeurent toujours un problème récurrent. Il ressort de l'analyse fréquentielle des inondations une augmentation depuis les dernières décennies qui est attribuable à un réchauffement des températures hivernales lesquelles ont pour effet de provoquer des embâcles plus hâtives dans l'année. Au niveau des changements d'occupation du sol, on note une diminution des surfaces agricoles aux dépens de l'extension des surfaces forestières et urbaines avec des valeurs respectives de 27% à 38% (forêt) et de 3% à 5% (urbain) entre 1928 et 2005. Dans la perspective où le réchauffement du climat se poursuivrait, on peut s'attendre à des variations interannuelles plus marquées et une plus forte incidence des risques d'inondation.

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“…The role of rainfall intensity in forming of plants' interception size is significant, but this issue should be considered as poorly examined. That is why inter alia Asdak et al (1998) and also Toba and Ohta (2008) postulated the need for developing study and laboratory experiments in this area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainfall parameters affect canopy storage capacity under controlled conditions

Klamerus‐Iwan

2015

Forest Research Papers

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Abstract. The subject of this research was the interception of precipitation, which is defined as the amount of water that can be retained by the entire surface of a tree. The aim was to measure the rate of interception under laboratory conditions in order to determine influential factors. To eliminate water absorption that would occur in living trees, we employed models of deciduous and coniferous trees enabling us to examine the effect of precipitation characteristics and the surface area individually. A sprinkler system that automatically recorded the amounts of water retained on the models was set up in the laboratory. Precipitation was simulated using 5 different intensities with 3 different raindrop sizes.Interception rates were affected by both, the intensity of the precipitation and raindrop size. The time required to reach maximum crown filling with water was variable and depended on plant surface parameters as well as simulated precipitation. The maximum water capacity of crowns was not a constant value even within one tree model, but changed depending on precipitation characteristics.

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Factors affecting rainfall interception determined by a forest simulator and numerical model

Cited by 22 publications

References 20 publications

Variability in the Wettability and Water Storage Capacity of Common Oak Leaves (Quercus robur L.)

Variability in the Wettability and Water Storage Capacity of Common Oak Leaves (Quercus robur L.)

Flood events and flood risk assessment in relation to climate and land-use changes: Saint-François River, southern Québec, Canada

Rainfall parameters affect canopy storage capacity under controlled conditions

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