Factors Affecting Sarcopenia in Korean Adults by Age Groups

Abstract

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate factors affecting sarcopenia in different age groups among Korean adults aged 20 years or older.MethodsIn this secondary analysis, data were collected from records for 17,968, participants who participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 2008–2011. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression to determine the associated factors of sarcopenia by age groups.ResultsThe prevalence of sarcopenia increased significantly with age. Physical activity, blood pressure, waist circumference, triglycerides, vitamin D level were found to be factors significantly associated with sarcopenia in all age groups. Total energy intake was found to be a factor that is significantly associated with sarcopenia among the adults aged 20–39 years. Fasting glucose, suicidal ideation, perceived health status, mobility problem, pain/discomfort, total energy intake were found to be factors associated with sarcopenia in the adults aged 40–64 years. Sex, residential area, smoking, drinking, fasting glucose, osteoarthritis, fall experience, usual activity problem, protein intake were factors associated with sarcopenia in the adults over 65 years of age.ConclusionThe findings show that sarcopenia in adults and the associated factors were different by age groups. Thus, these factors should be considered in the development of intervention programs for the care and prevention of sarcopenia, and such programs should be modified according to different age groups.

Sarcopenia and its association with falls and fractures in older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Four studies included a combined group of hospitalized patients with fractures and community‐dwelling individuals without fractures . Two studies reported retrospective data, 20 studies were cross‐sectional, 13 studies were prospective, and 1 study was a randomized controlled trial examining the effect of nutritional supplementation on bone mineral density and risk of falls . Most of the studies were performed in Europe (12 studies), and Asia (12 studies), followed by Australia (5 studies), South America (4 studies), and North America (3 studies) .…”

“…The prevalence of sarcopenia varied from 0.3% to 73.0%, depending on the sarcopenia definition applied and the study population. Sarcopenia was diagnosed using one definition or more than one definition . Out of the 36 included studies, EWGSOP (23 studies) was the most commonly used definition, followed by FNIH (7 studies), Baumgartner definition (5 studies), AWGS (4 studies), and IWGS (4 studies) …”

“…Online Resource S4 shows the results of the NOS quality assessment of the included studies. The quality of 12 falls studies and 14 fracture studies was rated high. Ten studies for falls were rated as low quality .…”

“…Twenty‐two studies investigated the association of sarcopenia and falls, of which 10 studies (45%) reported higher risks of falls among sarcopenic individuals compared with non‐sarcopenic individuals . Non‐significant associations between sarcopenia and falls were found in the remaining 12 studies …”

“…Thirty-six studies met all inclusion criteria and were included in this review. 18,54,55,[72][73][74][75] A total of 33 studies were included in the meta-analysis; four of them presented data for both falls and fractures, leaving 20 studies included in the metaanalysis for falls 24,26,28,[32][33][34][35][36][40][41][42][43][44][48][49][50][72][73][74][75] and 17 studies for fractures. 18,27,[29][30][31]34,35,38,39,42,46,47,49,51,54,55,73 Study characteristics Table 1 shows the study characteristics of the included studies.…”