Factors affecting the absorption of ampicillin administered intramuscularly in dwarf goats

Groothuis, D.G.; Werdler, M. E. B.; Miert, A. S. J. P. A. M. van; Duin, C. T. M. van

doi:10.1016/s0034-5288(18)32699-7

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Marshall & Palmer, (1 980) showed that amoxycillin trihydrate injected in the lateral neck of calves resulted in a 25% higher bioavailability compared with other routes of injection. During endotoxininduced fever crossover experiments in dwarf goats and calves a reduced ampicillin trihydrate absorption rate was observed after intramuscular injection in the lateral neck with respect to the absorption rate during the nonfebrile control situation (Groothuis, van Miert, Ziv & Nouws, 1978;Groothuis et al, 1980). However a similar crossover experiment in dwarf goats showed that during the endotoxininduced fever period the ampicillin trihydrate absorption rate from the (shivering) buttock was significantly increased compared with the non-febrile state (Groothuis et al, 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The pharmacokinetic behaviour of drugs in man is influenced by several factors such as site of injection, exercise, and the existence of pathological conditions in the patient (Benet, 1976;Evans, Proctor, Frutkin, Veloudin & Wasserman, 1975;Harding, Eilon & Harris, 1979;Reeves, 1975). In veterinary medicine only a few reports have appeared concerning the effect of injection site on the absorption of antibiotics (Groothuis, Werdler, van Miert & van Duin, 1980;Marshall & Palmer, 1980;Yeoman, 1977).Yeoman (1977) showed that at equivalent dose rates of amoxycillin trihydrate, peak blood amoxycillin concentrations were inversely related t o the concentration of the drug formulation, although the areas under the curve were probably not significantly different. Recently, Groothuis e t al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of the injection site on the bioavailability of amoxycillin trihydrate in dairy cows

Rutgers

Miert

Nouws

et al. 1980

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The pharmacokinetic behaviour of amoxycillin sodium and amoxycillin trihydrate‐20% aqueous suspension was studied in a group of five dairy cows. Amoxycillin sodium was administered intravenously and amoxycillin trihydrate‐20% by four different routes of administration: subcutaneously in the dewlap, intramuscularly in the lateral neck, M. triceps, and buttock (M. semitendineus). The dose level for both drug formulations was 3.83 ± 0.47 mg/kg. The mean plasma concentration–time curve(Cp)for intravenous amoxycillin sodium administration could be described mathematically by the biexponential equation Cp= 15.6 e‐0.033t+ 1.04 e‐0.0091t. The areas under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC's) obtained after the intravenous injections of sodium amoxycillin were used as references for the bioavailability studies of the four routes of amoxycillin trihydrate administration. Intramuscular injections into the lateral neck or into the M. triceps resulted in similar systemic bioavailabilities, being at 12 h post injection (p.i.) 76.2 and 79.2% of the administered dose. The biological half‐lives (t1/2) were similar, being 6.2 and 6.9 h, respectively. After subcutaneous injection into the dewlap or intramuscular injection into the buttock lower bioavailabilities at 12 h p.i. were observed (24.1 and 49.2%, respectively). The plasma amoxycillin concentration was persistently low. The half‐lives of plasma amoxycillin disposition after the buttock and dewlap injections were 13.2 and 44 h, respectively. The plasma concentrations obtained were compared with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against pathogenic bacteria with respect to the theoretical design of effective antibacterial therapy. The differences observed serve to emphasize the fact that more attention should be paid to the effect of the route of administration on the biological bioavailability of a drug, with particular reference to studies on clinical efficacy. Pre‐slaughter withdrawal times were suggested for the different routes of injection of these two drug formations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the injection site on the bioavailability of amoxycillin trihydrate in dairy cows

Rutgers

Miert

Nouws

et al. 1980

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…There was no difference in C max . The authors postulate that a shorter T max is likely the result of increased blood flow to peripheral muscle tissues as a result of the febrile response initiated in response to the infection, as previously shown by Groothuis et al (1978Groothuis et al ( , 1980. They further suggested that a more rapid elimination of the drug is likely due to increased renal blood flow and higher glomerular filtration rate associated with the febrile response, which has been described by van Miert (1990).…”

Section: Other Studies Investigating Disease and Altered Pharmacokinementioning

confidence: 61%

“…While C max in this trial was not determined to be significantly higher in the DIS group, there was a tendency for a higher C max (P=0.081). It is plausible that the febrile response associated with the clinical mastitis in the DIS group could have resulted in more blood flow to the injection site as previously described by Groothuis et al (1978Groothuis et al ( , 1980, resulting in numerically higher plasma drug concentrations early in the course of disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…In comparisons of absorption of ampicillin administered via the IM route, Groothuis et al (1980) found absorption to be greater in febrile goats while shivering compared to non-febrile control goats. In contrast, less absorption and lower serum ampicillin concentration was noted in non-shivering, febrile calves compared to non-febrile controls (Groothuis et al, 1978).…”

Section: Other Studies Investigating Disease and Altered Pharmacokinementioning

confidence: 96%

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Impact of disease in dairy cows on ceftiofur pharmacokinetics, withdrawal times and emergence of antimicrobial resistance

Gorden¹

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guidance and support throughout the course of this research. I would also like to thank my two residents over the last four years, Dr. Mike Kleinhenz and Dr. Josh Ydstie for the endless hours of support in helping organize and implement sample and data collection. Additionally, I'd like to thank my colleagues Dr. Troy Brick, Dr. Joe Smith, and Dr. Kelly Still-Brooks for helping cover the workload to get these projects completed. Lastly, Tiffany Magstadt and Eric Hellmich in VFS for helping get everything I needed to get these projects completed. Thank you to all the folks in the PhAST lab, specifically Dr. Larry Wulf, Dr. Suzanne Rajewski, and Dr. David Borts who patiently assisted me through a million questions about LC/MS analysis; to Jackie Peterson who always made sure I had what I needed; and to Dan and Renee for always helping me find what I needed. I appreciate you tolerating me through all the weird hours that I spent in the lab and just checking up on me once in a while.

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The Concept of Bioavailability and Applications to Veterinary Dosage Forms

Baggot¹

2001

The Physiological Basis of Veterinary Clinical Pharmacology

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Factors affecting the absorption of ampicillin administered intramuscularly in dwarf goats

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of the injection site on the bioavailability of amoxycillin trihydrate in dairy cows

Effect of the injection site on the bioavailability of amoxycillin trihydrate in dairy cows

Impact of disease in dairy cows on ceftiofur pharmacokinetics, withdrawal times and emergence of antimicrobial resistance

The Concept of Bioavailability and Applications to Veterinary Dosage Forms

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