Factors Affecting the Design and Operation of Biologically Active Filters

deBarbadillo, C.; Rogalla, Frank; Tarallo, Stephen; Boltz, Joshua P.

doi:10.2175/193864710798208494

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…For further reference, Table 4 provides a list of backwashing requirements from an extensive case study on granular filtration media, with regards to biological aerated filters (BAF) [18]. The final backwashing requirements and duration are often developed via cooperation between designer and user.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The final backwashing requirements and duration are often developed via cooperation between designer and user. For example, the backwash sequence for an upflow sunken media BAF can include drain down, air scour, air and water scour (and may also include cycling between air only and air/water scour), water-only rinse, and a filter-to-waste step when the filter bed is placed back in operation, and the whole process is adjusted during long-term operation [18]. It follows that backwash rates are highly dependent on the configuration of a treatment train and the filter-bed hardware, and must be considered when assessing plant-specific data on the performance of a new material or a specific filtering process for a full-scale pilot test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Expansion and Headloss Dependencies for Flowrate and Fluidization during Backwashing of Sand, Anthracite and Filtralite® Expanded Aluminosilicate Filters

Wood¹,

Storbråten²,

Neubauer³

2020

Water

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The backwash expansion rates and headloss evolution of single- and dual-media granular filters of Filtralite® expanded aluminosilicate clay were compared with fine and coarser sand, as well as anthracite. Filtralite is manufactured in Norway, Årnesvegen 1, N-2009 Nordby. Abbreviations used for Filtralite is; N = Normal density, H = High density, C = Crushed. Each material had different particle densities and grain size distributions. The scope of the investigation was narrow: a clean-bed test was executed once for each parameter on single samples. As temperature affects the viscosity of water, tests were carried out within two temperature ranges (13–17 °C and 21–26 °C), and the effect on the fluidization of the materials was observed. The trial established that although the three types of materials have different physical properties, the expansion behaviors generally correlate with the grain sizes and particle densities of the media. To reach the expansion target of 15%, sand 1.2–2.0 mm (particle density 2656 kg/m3) required a flow rate of 67 m/h, Filtralite HC 0.8–1.6 (1742 kg/m3) required 34 m/h, and anthracite 0.8–1.6 mm (1355 kg/m3) required 15 m/h. The headloss peaks that indicate fluidization were found to correspond with the onset of expansion with increasing flow rate. This was for the example observed by fluidization of 0.4–0.6 mm sand (particle density 2698 kg/m3) at 0.94 m/m, fluidization of Filtralite HC 0.5–1 (1873 kg/m3) at 0.46 m/m and anthracite 0.8–1.6 mm (1355 kg/m3) at 0.21 m/m. Tests of dual-media filters of two types of Filtralite, i.e., Mono Multi and Mono Multi Fine, were also included. The backwash column used for the experiment consisted of extruded acrylic pipes with digital pressure sensors, an electronic flowmeter, a stepless pump and a water cycling system. A laminar water flow was provided by a mesh and a diffusor fixed above a single nozzle. No air was used. The trial was comparative, and its purpose was to shed light on the required water flow rates needed to fully expand different materials, and hence indicate requirements for performing proper filter backwashes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expansion and Headloss Dependencies for Flowrate and Fluidization during Backwashing of Sand, Anthracite and Filtralite® Expanded Aluminosilicate Filters

Wood¹,

Storbråten²,

Neubauer³

2020

Water

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“…• Biofilm Support Media: The performance of the DSFF system depends on the type of support media selected for the process [50,80]. Schematic diagram of a typical DSFF process [79].…”

Section: Design and Performance Characteristics Of The Dsff Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Wastewater Treatment

Theophilus Ogunwumi,

Festus Adeniyi,

Chinazor Angus

et al. 2024

Wastewater Treatment - Past and Future Perspectives [Working Title]

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Preventing environmental pollution by adequately treating the ever-increasing volume of wastewater generated by the over 8.1 billion (UN 2024 projection) people in the world, meeting governments’ often updated effluent quality standards as a result of emerging contaminants in domestic and industrial wastewater, operating wastewater treatment process to generate energy through methane production and capture to save operating costs, and deploying a compact system to fit reducing installation space are some of the daring challenges facing sustainable wastewater treatment technologies today. Hence, there is a need for continued innovation and development of treatment processes. The current chapter discussed advancements in biological wastewater treatment technologies through the years with a focus on reasons for improvements in technologies. Some of the reasons highlighted are capital and operational costs, plant volumetric capacity, effluent quality, efficient nutrient removal, biofouling and membrane clogging, treatment plant installation size, etc. The chapter also discussed biochemical oxygen demand as a measure of water quality for biological treatment systems, the role of genetically engineered microorganisms in biological wastewater treatment, bioremediation as a biological treatment process, treatment plant pilot-scale, and upgrade to full-scale.

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“…The dominant biological treatment process is still the activated sludge process, which was further improved and developed with many new successful alternatives (Wanner 2021). The fixed film technology like trickling filters and later biologically active filters (BAF) (Debarbadillo et al 2010) have also reached a high technological standard and are still applied under specific local situations, but never became dominant at least for large treatment plants.…”

Section: Treatment Technology Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

50 years of design and operation of large wastewater treatment plant conferences. A history of innovation and development

Kroiß

Matsché

Krampe

2021

Water Science and Technology

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Large wastewater treatment plants (>50,000 population equivalents) treat more than 80% of the wastewater treated on a global scale, today it might be even >90%. They therefore provide the most relevant contribution to water protection from urban and industrial wastewater. This was already the case in 1971 when academics realised that progress in the scientific community alone will not succeed in a rapid transfer of research results to practitioners in design and operation of these plants. At the same time, it was recognised that urgent problems in practice are not recognised early enough by the globally networking scientific community. The most effective means of solving these problems was the creation of a new forum where experts from both sides meet. Scientists normally create their special conferences and workshops to enhance global co-operation in their specific field of research and development. This is reflected in the existence of many IWA Specialist Groups (SG) with global representation. The IWA Large Wastewater Treatment Plants (LWWTP) events and the formation of the LWWTP Specialist Group have been the first to take care of a complex technology for water protection, where specialists from most of other SGs can meet and discuss together with the practitioners designing and operating treatment plants. In fact, many new Specialist Groups had their origin in the workshop series starting in 1971 in Vienna taking care of many specific problems reported from practice. The managers and chief operators of large plants, usually only served by meetings of national professional associations, got a new opportunity for global exchange of knowledge and experience together with the global network of scientists and researchers.

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Factors Affecting the Design and Operation of Biologically Active Filters

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Expansion and Headloss Dependencies for Flowrate and Fluidization during Backwashing of Sand, Anthracite and Filtralite® Expanded Aluminosilicate Filters

Expansion and Headloss Dependencies for Flowrate and Fluidization during Backwashing of Sand, Anthracite and Filtralite® Expanded Aluminosilicate Filters

Biological Wastewater Treatment

50 years of design and operation of large wastewater treatment plant conferences. A history of innovation and development

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