Factors Affecting the Measurement of Hardness by near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Ground Wheat

Brown, Grant; Curtis, P.; Osborne, B. G.

doi:10.1255/jnirs.18

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…45 The NIR Hardness Index has also been found to be affected by the protein content and growing season. 46 In response to this situation, a systematic study was undertaken to defi ne an NIR Hardness Index based on spectra of ground or whole grain which was insensitive to other factors. [47][48][49] Hardness can also be measured on whole grain by transmittance in the region 800 to 1050 nm or by refl ectance in the region 800 to 2500 nm.…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of near Infrared Spectroscopy in Quality Screening of Early-Generation Material in Cereal Breeding Programmes

Osborne¹

2006

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy

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113

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In a breeding programme for quality improvement of cereals, crossbred lines are propagated and selected from generation to generation until desirable properties are obtained. The lines promoted to the next generation need to be the ones that have properties as close as possible to some specifi ed quality target. Effi ciency in selection of these lines from thousands of candidates requires the provision to the breeder of quality information at the earliest generation, in the time between harvest and sowing of the next generation and at the lowest cost. Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy of whole grain has a number of well-known advantages (speed of analysis, no sample preparation required, low cost per test and concurrent analysis of multiple constituents) that make it particularly valuable for this purpose. This paper reviews the development over the last thirty years and the current status of NIR in the quality testing of wheat, barley, rice, durum, maize and oat breeding material.

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Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of near Infrared Spectroscopy in Quality Screening of Early-Generation Material in Cereal Breeding Programmes

Osborne¹

2006

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy

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113

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“…A fourth set of spectra on the same set of 20 samples was recorded in transmittance mode using the Infratec Model 1225 (Tecator AB, Hoganas, Sweden). The samples used were as described previously by Brown et al 9 and a summary is given in Table 1. Spectra were recorded as log 1/R or log 1/T, respectively, at 2 nm intervals from 800 to 2500 nm in case of reflectance on ground grain and reflectance on whole grain and in the case of transmittance on whole grain from 800 to 1100 nm using the Model 6500 and 850-1050 nm using the Infratec.…”

Section: Nir Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Light Scattering on NIR Reflectance and Transmittance Spectra of Wheat

Manley

McGill

Osborne³

1994

Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy

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An NIR hardness score based on the reflectance of ground wheat is available (AACC Method 39-70A). However, it is desirable to derive an analogous score applicable to whole wheat so that an on-line measurement of hardness could be used in wheat blending. The intention was to use an algorithm based on the multiplicative effect of scatter on NIR spectra and so an experiment was carried out to determine whether or not the effect of scatter on reflectance and transmittance spectra of whole grain is multiplicative. As no evidence was found to support this model, a different approach will be needed. However, these studies have brought a new insight into the effect of scatter on the NIR spectra of whole grain.

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“…An acoustical, single-kernel wheat hardness instrument (Massie et al 1994) analyses the level of sound above 15 kHz produced as a kernel is ground and improves the ability to classify mixed wheat samples. At present, the grain hardness is routinely determined by near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, either with whole grain or milled samples, but the respective equipment must be calibrated on the basic of the PSI or PR results (Norris et al 1989;Brown et al 1993;Faměra et al 2004;Hrušková et al 2008). The relations between the wheat hardness categories and the proper PSI and NIR values are summarised in Table 1.…”

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confidence: 99%

Wheat hardness in relation to other quality factors

Hrušková¹,

Švec²

2009

Czech J. Food Sci.

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Hrušková M., Švec I. (2009): Wheat hardness in relation to other quality factors. Czech J. Food Sci., 27: 240-248.The analysis of the wheat hardness relation to other quality features was done with a set of 281 variety and commercial wheat samples, planted during the years of [2003][2004][2005][2006] in Central Bohemia and south Moravia areas. Technological quality was evaluated for grain, milling process, and flour analytics with the standard laboratory methods. The grain hardness was measured using NIR spectrophotometer Inframatic 8600. Tukey's test (ANOVA) of the grain hardness was performed for comparison between the means of wheat variety, wheat origin, crop year, growing locality, and farming intensity. As expected, the grain hardness of wheat varieties belonging to different quality classes was independent of either their classification or winter/spring type. Between all four locality means, the grain hardness among 281 samples differed insignificantly, while in the crops of 2004 and 2006 a provable increase of the kernel compactness was observed. The correlation analysis confirmed a role of the grain hardness in the milling quality assessment because of the proved correlation with 11 grain and milling quality features from the 12 tested. The strongest relation was calculated with the grain ash content, semolina yield, and flour protein content (-0.55, 0.52, 0.42, respectively).

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Factors Affecting the Measurement of Hardness by near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Ground Wheat

Cited by 7 publications

References 2 publications

Applications of near Infrared Spectroscopy in Quality Screening of Early-Generation Material in Cereal Breeding Programmes

Applications of near Infrared Spectroscopy in Quality Screening of Early-Generation Material in Cereal Breeding Programmes

The Effect of Light Scattering on NIR Reflectance and Transmittance Spectra of Wheat

Wheat hardness in relation to other quality factors

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