Factors Affecting the Performance of Membrane Osmotic Processes for Bioenergy Development

Chia, Wen Yi; Khoo, Kuan Shiong; Chia, Shir Reen; Chew, Kit Wayne; Yew, Guo Yong; Ho, Yeek‐Chia; Show, Pau Loke; Chen, Wei‐Hsin

doi:10.3390/en13020481

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 126 publications

(176 reference statements)

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“…The same as to RO, the hydraulic pressure is applied to the side of the draw solution against the osmotic pressure gradient but it is smaller than the osmotic pressure difference. Consequently the net flux of water remains towards the concentrated draw solution, which is in a direction identical to that of the FO process [7]. Fig.…”

Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Mathematical Modeling of a Hollow Fiber Module Used in Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Process

Yaseen¹,

Al-Alawy

Sharif

2022

IJCPE

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Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) can be considered as one of the methods for utilizing osmotic power, which is a membrane-based technology. Mathematical modeling plays an essential part in the development and optimization of PRO energy-generating systems. In this research, a mathematical model was developed for the hollow fiber module to predict the power density and the permeate water flux theoretically. Sodium chloride solution was employed as the feed and draw solution. Different operating parameters, draw solution concentration (1 and 2 M), the flow rate of draw solution (2, 3, and 4 L/min), and applied hydraulic pressure difference (0 - 90 bar) was used to evaluate the performance of PRO process of a hollow fiber module. The effect of these operational parameters was investigated on the theoretical permeate water flux and power density. According to the theoretical results, the permeate water flux and the power density increased with increasing the concentration of draw solution and the flow rate of the draw solution. While decreased with increasing the feed solution concentration. By increasing the applied hydraulic pressure on the draw solution, the water flux decreased and the produced power density increased. The maximum power density and the corresponding permeate water flux of 2 M NaCl draw solution was approximately 16.414 W/m2 and 11.818 LMH respectively, which occurs at an applied hydraulic pressure of 50 bar.

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Section: -Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Mathematical Modeling of a Hollow Fiber Module Used in Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Process

Yaseen¹,

Al-Alawy

Sharif

2022

IJCPE

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“…identifying suitable draw solution, issues with reverse solute flux and internal concentration polarization (ICP), this takes place in the membrane's porous support layer. ICP is generally affected by the support layer structure and thick dense membrane (Chia et al, 2020). ICP cannot be measured directly but the degree of ICP can be examined through the membrane structural parameter (S).…”

Section: Limitation Of Fo Methods Includesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Cellulose Acetate Membrane at Different Thicknesses on Sucrose Concentration by Forward Osmosis

Idris

Kamal

Sulaiman

et al. 2022

ASEAN J. Chem. Eng.

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Forward osmosis (FO) requires a specific membrane structure for applications like juice concentration. The phase inversion method was used to make cellulose acetate (CA) FO membranes. The solvents used were acetone and 1,4-dioxane. Additives included polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), methanol, and maleic acid were used in the preparation of CA membrane, which make it easier to improve a FO membrane's permeability. The performance of fabricated FO membrane and their morphology were evaluaed with different casting thicknesses of 150, 200, and 250 µm. Experiment works begins with an hour of membrane flux testing, deionized water was used as feed solution and 1 M NaCl as draw solution. The membrane was then used to concentrate 0.5 M sucrose with NaCl for 240 minutes (2 M). Contact angle, porosity, and scanning electron miscroscopy (SEM) were used to characterize membrane properties and morphology. High water flux (2.25 L/m2hr) and high porosity (75.86%) were found at 200 µm casting thickness. Water permeability of sucrose concentration at 200 µm casting thickness had the highest flux (2.39 L/m2hr). The results also show that flux values vary with membrane thickness. All membranes were hydrophilic with contact angles below 90°. A 200 µm casting thickness produces a membrane with smooth and evenly distributed pores, according to morphology analysis. Structural parameter (S) values had a proportional relationship with the FO membrane thickness, which thinner membrane potentially reduces the internal concentration polarization (ICP).

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“…The first one is the effective driving force (perpendicular to the membrane surface) dictated by the osmotic pressure difference between the feed and draw solutions, which causes the transfer of water molecules from the feed solution toward the draw solution side and forces the feed solution foulant particles to deposit on the membrane surface. The second one, which moves the feed solution molecules toward the bulk of the solution, is the shear force (moved tangentially to the membrane surface) caused by the CFV [51]. Applying ultrasound waves on the membrane active layer side generates other forces in the same direction of the system, driving forces that help in pushing the water molecules toward the draw solution side, which ultimately enhances water flux.…”

Section: Effect Of Ultrasound On Membrane Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Operating Conditions on the Performance of Forward Osmosis with Ultrasound for Seawater Desalination

Al-Sakaji

Al‐Asheh

Maraqa

2022

Water

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This study investigates the effect of using ultrasound on water flux through a forward osmosis membrane when applied for seawater desalination. A synthetically prepared solution simulating seawater with scaling substances and organic foulants was used. The parameters considered include membrane cross-flow velocity, flow configuration (co-current versus counter-current), direction of ultrasound waves relative to the membrane side (active layer versus support layer), and type of draw solution (NaCl versus MgCl2). The study revealed that applying a continuous ultrasound frequency of 40 kHz was effective in enhancing water flux, especially when the ultrasound source faces the membrane active layer, irrespective of the used draw solution. The highest water flux enhancement (70.8% with NaCl draw solution and 61.9% with MgCl2 draw solution) occurred at low cross-flow velocity and with the ultrasound waves facing the membrane active layer. It was also observed that the use of ultrasound generally caused an adverse effect on the water flux when the ultrasound source faces the membrane support layer. Moreover, applying the ultrasound at the membrane support layer increased the reverse solute flux. For all tested cases, higher water flux enhancement was observed with NaCl as a draw solution compared to the cases when MgCl2 was used as a draw solution.

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Factors Affecting the Performance of Membrane Osmotic Processes for Bioenergy Development

Cited by 12 publications

References 126 publications

Mathematical Modeling of a Hollow Fiber Module Used in Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Process

Mathematical Modeling of a Hollow Fiber Module Used in Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Process

Characterization of Cellulose Acetate Membrane at Different Thicknesses on Sucrose Concentration by Forward Osmosis

Effects of Operating Conditions on the Performance of Forward Osmosis with Ultrasound for Seawater Desalination

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