Factors Affecting the Rapid Disappearance of Bacteria Placed on the Normal Skin

Rebell, Gerbert; Pillsbury, Donald M.; Phalle, Margaret de Saint; Ginsburg, Dorothy

doi:10.1038/jid.1950.33

Cited by 74 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As the strain was characteristically pigmented, the colonies could be 246 Contact transfer of micro-organisms 247 recognized on non-selective media. Studies of survival of the test organism on nurses' dress material pieces showed that about 10%O of the inoculum could be recovered even after 24 h. This survival is unlike the findings when enterobacteria are used as test organisms (Rebell et al 1950). S. saprophyticus, although capable of causing urinary infection, was felt to have a lower degree of virulence than S. aureus and to be less of a hazard to the volunteers, who were exposed to up to 108 c.f.u.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

A laboratory model for the investigation of contact transfer of micro-organisms

Marples

Towers

1979

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYThe model was based on grasping a fabric-covered bottle contaminated with a strain of Staphylococcus saprophyticus, then grasping a sterile fabric-covered bottle and counting the organisms transferred. When the donor fabric was moist 10 % of the available cells passed onto the hands, but this fell to 0-05 % when the inoculum dried. Transfer from wet hands to the fabric amounted to 85 %, but in the complete model only 0*06 % of the available cells were transferred. The model was used to assess simple methods of degerming the hands. Washing the hands reduced transfer by 95 %, while washing in 70 % alcohol reduced transfer by 99*99 %. Lesser procedures investigated included applying 0-2 ml of 80 % ethanol to the hands, which reduced transfer by 93 %.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 43%

A laboratory model for the investigation of contact transfer of micro-organisms

Marples

Towers

1979

J. Hyg.

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“…In comparison with the short-term survival of bacteria described in earlier investigations [6,10,[17][18][19], we were successful in achieving a mo derately long period of Bacillus colonization on human skin. With respect to artificial inoculation, bacilli may represent the exception to the rule.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…With respect to artificial inoculation, bacilli may represent the exception to the rule. Like other microorganisms on the skin, bacilli are subjected to various anti microbial factors, both physical and biochemical [6,12,18]. In general, gram-negative organisms are highly susceptible to desiccation and are often eliminated in mere hours.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prolongation of <i>Bacillus firmus</i> Survival on Human Skin by a Spore Inoculum

1977

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A case report is presented of an individual who carried vegetative cells of Bacillus firmus on multiple sites of his body for over a year. With the aim of investigating the survival mechanisms of Bacillus species on human skin, vegetative cells or spores of this microorganism were applied to the forearms of volunteers. Whereas vegetative cells were rapidly eliminated, the bacillus was recovered up to 2 weeks following an inoculum of spores. Persistence was not passive since germination, growth, and possible sporulation were demonstrated. We observed strong individual differences in the carriage of bacilli.

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“…For instance, Gram-negative bacilli do not typically colonize intact epithelium due to the aridity of the skin. 67 In all of these studies examining microbial species in pressure ulcers affecting individuals with SCI, the wounds are typically poorly characterized with no physical description (i.e. dimensions, the presence of necrosis, etc.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriology of pressure ulcers in individuals with spinal cord injury: What we know and what we should know

Dana

Bauman

2014

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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Individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) are at increased risk for the development of pressure ulcers. These chronic wounds are debilitating and contribute to prolonged hospitalization and worse medical outcome. However, the species of bacteria and the role that specific species may play in delaying the healing of chronic pressure ulcers in the SCI population has not been well characterized. This study will review the literature regarding what is known currently about the bacteriology of pressure ulcers in individuals with SCI. An electronic literature search of MEDLINE (1966 to February 2014) was performed. Eleven studies detailing bacterial cultures of pressure ulcers in the SCI population met inclusion criteria and were selected for review. Among these studies, bacterial cultures were often polymicrobial with both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria identified with culture techniques that varied significantly. The most common organisms identified in pressure ulcers were Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. In general, wounds were poorly characterized with minimal to no physical description and/or location provided. Our present understanding of factors that may alter the microbiome of pressure ulcers in individuals with SCI is quite rudimentary, at best. Well-designed studies are needed to assess appropriate wound culture technique, the impact of bacterial composition on wound healing, development of infection, and the optimum medical and surgical approaches to wound care.

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Factors Affecting the Rapid Disappearance of Bacteria Placed on the Normal Skin

Cited by 74 publications

References 29 publications

A laboratory model for the investigation of contact transfer of micro-organisms

A laboratory model for the investigation of contact transfer of micro-organisms

Prolongation of <i>Bacillus firmus</i> Survival on Human Skin by a Spore Inoculum

Bacteriology of pressure ulcers in individuals with spinal cord injury: What we know and what we should know

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