Factors affecting trap catch in pheromone‐based monitoring of saddle gall midge <i>Haplodiplosis marginata</i> (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

Rowley, Charlotte; Cherrill, Andrew; Leather, Simon R.; Hall, David R.; Pope, Tom W.

doi:10.1002/ps.4721

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…(Bruschini et al 2006 ). It has not previously been found as a component of the sex pheromone of a cecidomyiid midge, although (2 R )-2-butyryloxynonane is the pheromone of the saddle gall midge, Haplodiplosis marginata (von Roser) (Censier et al 2014 ; Rowley et al 2017 , 2018 ). In C. brassicola , addition of 5% ( R )-2-acetoxynonane to the blend of (2 R ,7 S )- and (2 R ,7 R )-2,7-diacetoxynonane increased catches of male midges ten-fold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Components of the Female Sex Pheromone of the Newly-Described Canola Flower Midge, Contarinia brassicola

et al. 2022

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The canola flower midge, Contarinia brassicola Sinclair (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a newly-described species that induces galls on canola, Brassica napus Linnaeus and Brassica rapa Linnaeus (Brassicaceae). Identification of the sex pheromone of C. brassicola is essential to developing monitoring tools to elucidate the geographic range and hosts of this new pest, and the extent to which it threatens the $30 billion Canadian canola industry. The aim of this study was to identify and synthesize the female-produced sex pheromone of C. brassicola and demonstrate its effectiveness in attracting males to traps in the field. Two peaks were identified through GC-EAG analysis of female-produced volatiles which elicited electrophysiological responses in male antennae. These peaks were initially characterized through GC–MS and synthesis as 2,7-diacetoxynonane (major component) and 2-acetoxynonane (minor component), and the racemic compounds elicited EAG responses in male antennae. All four stereoisomers of 2,7-diacetoxynonane were synthesized and the naturally-produced compound was shown to be primarily the (2R,7S)-isomer by analysis on an enantioselective GC column, with a small amount of (2R,7R)-2,7-diacetoxynonane also present. The configuration of the minor component could not be determined because of the small amount present, but this was assumed to be (2R)-2-acetoxynonane by comparison with the configuration of the other two components. In field trials, none of the four stereoisomers of 2,7-diacetoxynonane, presented individually or as a racemic mixture, was attractive to male C. brassicola. However, dispensers loaded with a 10 µg:1 µg blend of (2R,7S)- and (2R,7R)-2,7-diacetoxynonane caught large numbers of male C. brassicola and significantly more than other blends tested. The addition of 0.5 µg of (2R)-2-acetoxynonane to this blend further increased the number of males caught. In future work, we will seek to identify the optimum trapping protocol for the application of the pheromone in monitoring and surveillance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Components of the Female Sex Pheromone of the Newly-Described Canola Flower Midge, Contarinia brassicola

et al. 2022

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“…As with S. mosellana, we suggest that a focal area for future H. marginata research should be to combine a crop development model with the H. marginata simulation models (Rowley et al 2017(Rowley et al , 2016 to develop an integrated system that can predict H. marginata emergence and estimate the likelihood of this co-occurring with the at-risk wheat growth stage, thereby minimising monitoring effort. Monitoring effort could be minimised further by continued development, testing, and validation of H. marginata pheromone traps (Rowley et al 2018;Censier et al 2016b). These traps can potentially help growers target insecticide application during high-risk periods (Censier et al 2016b(Censier et al , 2016a, but future work should also aim to better associate H. marginata abundance with potential crop risk.…”

Section: Proposed Areas For Improvement and Future Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thresholds and prediction models to support the sustainable management of herbivorous insects in wheat. A review

Leybourne,

Storer,

Marshall

et al. 2024

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Wheat is one of the most important arable crops grown worldwide, providing a significant proportion of the daily calorific intake for countries across the globe. Wheat crops are attacked by a diverse range of herbivorous invertebrates, pests, that cause significant yield loss. It is anticipated that yield loss caused by pests will increase in response to a changing climate. Currently, these pests are primarily controlled using pesticides; however, there is an increased need for more sustainable pest management solutions. Economic thresholds represent one avenue that can support the sustainable management of pests. Briefly, thresholds are the number of pests above which there is sufficient risk of yield loss. Here, we review the economic thresholds and prediction methods available for sustainable pest management in wheat. We focus on five economically damaging pests affecting wheat crops in the UK and Europe. For each, we highlight the key period of crop risk to pest attack, identify economic thresholds, and provide an overview of current decision support models that can help estimate crop risk and advise sustainable pest management; we end by proposing areas for future improvement for each pest. Furthermore, we take a novel approach by discussing economic thresholds and their applications to sustainable pest management within the context of crop physiology and the capacity for crops to tolerate pest damage, a consideration that is often overlooked when developing pest management strategies. We use the stem-boring pest, the gout fly, as a case study and use the economic injury level equation to conduct a theoretical assessment of the appropriateness of the current gout fly threshold. This theoretical assessment indicates that wheat crops can tolerate greater gout fly damage than currently considered, and shows that by incorporating crop physiology into sustainable pest tolerance schemes we can work towards developing more appropriate physiological-based pest thresholds.

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New findings on infestation and phenology of Dasineura oleae Angelini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae): an emerging pest on olive trees in the Palestinian Territories

Batta

2018

J Plant Dis Prot

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Factors affecting trap catch in pheromone‐based monitoring of saddle gall midge Haplodiplosis marginata (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)

Abstract: The results presented here offer new insights into the behavioural responses of male H. marginata to the female sex pheromone and provide practical recommendations for the use of H. marginata pheromone traps in the field. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.

Cited by 5 publications

References 42 publications

Components of the Female Sex Pheromone of the Newly-Described Canola Flower Midge, Contarinia brassicola

Components of the Female Sex Pheromone of the Newly-Described Canola Flower Midge, Contarinia brassicola

Thresholds and prediction models to support the sustainable management of herbivorous insects in wheat. A review

New findings on infestation and phenology of Dasineura oleae Angelini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae): an emerging pest on olive trees in the Palestinian Territories

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