Factors Affecting Zinc Uptake in Cropping Systems

Abstract

Zinc availabilities can change with different cropping management practices. The objective of this study was to identify some of the causative factors associated with previous crops contributing to Zn uptake differences in a subsequent crop. Field studies over 3 yr evaluated the Zn availability after four precropping treatments: bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), corn (Zea mays L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and fallow, across two Zn fertilization rates (with and without 11 kg Zn ha-' as ZnSO4), using the 'Viva' bean as a test crop. Soil samples taken before and after the test crop were analyzed for extractable P, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe, and organic matter. Soil respiration during the test crop was periodically estimated the last cropping year. Whole plant samples estimated nutrient concentration and uptake. Soil Zn extracted by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) was increased by Zn fertilization but not affected by precropping treatments. Zinc uptake by bean was significantly higher after precropping with corn and lower after fallow regardless of Zn fertilization. Uptake differences were most pronounced during early plant growth. Phosphorus and Cu uptake varied with treatment in a similar pattern as Zn uptake, and were positively correlated with each other. Zinc uptake was also positively correlated with soil organic matter and negatively correlated with soil P. Soil respiration rate was significantly lower after the fallow treatment compared with other precropping treatments. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) colonization in the test crop roots was higher after corn and lower after fallow regardless of soil Zn concentrations. Colonization was positively cor-M.A. Hamilton, INEL, EG&G ID,

Mycorrhizal colonization and nutrient uptake of dry bean in manure and compost manure treated subsoil and untreated topsoil and subsoil

“…These results corroborate research showing increased Zn uptake by mycorrhizae (Sharma and Srivastava, 1991;Sharma et al, 1994;Lambert and Weidensaul, 1991;Burkert and Robson, 1994;Hamilton et al, 1993;Swaminathan and Verma, 1979;Frey and Ellis, 1997). Because there was not a corresponding increase in root weight with increased colonization (Table 1) in the manured subsoil and topsoil treatments compared to subsoil, differences in mineral uptake would not be related to increased roots, but to mycorrhizae.…”

Short communication. Response of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) to soil zinc application

“…(P) concentration (Hamilton et al, 1993). Soils with more sand and less organic matter produce lower yields related to poor utilization of Zn (Singh and Ram, 1996).…”

“…Soils with more sand and less organic matter produce lower yields related to poor utilization of Zn (Singh and Ram, 1996). In many regions, chickpea is cultivated under fallow-chickpea system; Zn uptake is low after fallow (Hamilton et al, 1993). In chickpea, Zn deficiency symptoms are chlorosis of younger leaves and stipules, followed by necrosis of leaf margins and reduced shoot growth.…”

Fallow Versus Wheat Cropping of Unamendedand Manure-Amended Soils Related to Mycorrhizal Colonization, Yield, and Plant Nutrition of Dry Bean and Sweet Corn

“…This could be due to improving various soil chemical, physical, andaor biological properties (2,3). Dry bean is known to be susceptible to Zn de®ciency under conditions that reduce mycorrhizal development (4,5). Thus, mycorrhizal infection stimulated by organic matter is a potential explanation for the increased yields in dry bean.…”