Factors Associated with Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Peruvian University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Hernández-Yépez, Palmer J.; Muñoz-Pino, Carlos O.; Ayala-Laurel, Valeria; Contreras-Carmona, Pavel J.; Inga-Berrospi, Fiorella; Vera-Ponce, Víctor Juan; Failoc-Rojas, Virgilo E.; Pereira-Victorio, César Johan; Valladares-Garrido, Mario J.

doi:10.3390/ijerph192114591

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This finding could be explained by the fact that these individuals are part of the population at risk of experiencing a more serious and complicated disease, with higher mortality rates (53–55). However, this finding differs from what was found by Soraci et al in Italian population and Mistry SK et al in Bangladesh, who did not find significant differences between age and fear of COVID-19 (11,12). On the contrary, Andrade et al, in Brazil, reported that the older the age, the lower the fear of COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Since its outbreak, COVID-19 has represented a threat to physical (1-4) and psychological health (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), which, together with its impact on the social and economic level, has had repercussions on the safety and well-being of the population (15,16). The severity (2,17) and high transmission rate of COVID-19 (18,19) has created fear in people (15,20), who, by being misinformed, have suffered the psychological impact due to the concern of becoming infected and infecting their loved ones (20,21).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and factors associated with fear of COVID-19 in military personnel during the second epidemic wave in Peru

Valladares-Garrido,

Dominguez-Troncos,

Picón-Reátegui

et al. 2023

Preprint

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There is few research in military members that provided protection and security during the COVID-19 crisis. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with fear of COVID-19 in military members. A cross-sectional study was conducted between November 02 and 09, 2021, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the region of Lambayeque, Peru. The outcome was fear of COVID-19, measured with the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. The association with resilience (abbreviated CD-RISC), food insecurity (HFIAS), physical activity (IPAQ-S), eating disorder (EAT-26), and other socio-labor variables were assessed. Of 525 participants, the median age was 22, 95.8% were male, and 19.2% experienced fear of COVID-19. A higher prevalence of fear of COVID-19 was associated with age (PR=1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.06), religion (PP=2.05; 95% CI: 1.04-4.05), eating disorder (PR=2.95; 95% CI: 1.99-4.36), and having a relative with mental disorder (PR=2.13; 95% CI: 1.09-4.17). Overweight (PR=0.58; 95% IC: 0.37-0.90) and a high level of resilience (PR=0.63; 95% IC: 0.43-0.93) were associated with a lower prevalence of fear of COVID-19. Two out of ten military personnel were afraid of COVID-19. We recommend special attention to the factors associated with the development of suicide risk in military personnel.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and factors associated with fear of COVID-19 in military personnel during the second epidemic wave in Peru

Valladares-Garrido,

Dominguez-Troncos,

Picón-Reátegui

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…in the Italian population and Mistry SK et al. in Bangladesh, as we observed a significant association between age and fear of COVID-19 in our study ( 11 , 12 ). On the contrary, Andrade et al, in Brazil, reported that the older the age, the lower the fear of COVID-19.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Prevalence and factors associated with fear of COVID-19 in military personnel during the second epidemic wave in Peru

Valladares-Garrido,

Dominguez-Troncos,

Picón-Reátegui

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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IntroductionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the mounting workload and heightened stress may contribute to exacerbated mental health challenges, including an increased fear of COVID-19, among military personnel. Despite the potential influence of these factors, there remains a scarcity of studies addressing mental health issues, particularly the fear of COVID-19, within this specific population. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with fear of COVID-19 among military members.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2 and 9, 2021, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Lambayeque region, Peru. The outcome variable was fear of COVID-19, assessed using the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. The association with resilience (Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, abbreviated as CD-RISC), food insecurity (Household Food Insecurity Access Scale, abbreviated as HFIAS), physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form, abbreviated as IPAQ-S), eating disorder (Eating Attitudes Test-26, abbreviated as EAT-26), and other socio- demographic variables was assessed.ResultsAmong the 525 participants, the median age was 22, 95.8% were male, and 19.2% experienced fear of COVID-19. A higher prevalence of fear of COVID-19 was associated with age (PR=1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.06), religion (PR=2.05; 95% CI: 1.04-4.05), eating disorder (PR=2.95; 95% CI: 1.99-4.36), and having a relative with mental disorder (PR=2.13; 95% CI: 1.09-4.17). Overweight (PR=0.58; 95% CI: 0.37-0.90) and a high level of resilience (PR=0.63; 95% CI: 0.43-0.93) were associated with a lower prevalence of fear of COVID-19.DiscussionTwo out of ten military personnel were afraid of COVID-19. Our results highlight the need for targeted interventions addressing the factors contributing to fear of COVID-19 among military personnel, emphasizing the significance of mental health support and preventive measures within this specific population.

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“…Around 30% of students experience some form of mental disorder [4][5][6][7]. However, these figures could be higher and more heterogeneous in Latin American countries [8], including Peru, where a prevalence higher than 60% has been reported [9][10][11][12]. These high estimates are attributed to various intrinsic and extrinsic factors [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Anxiety and Depression in Peruvian Medical Students

Piscoya-Tenorio

Heredia-Rioja

Morocho-Alburqueque

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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During medical training, students are exposed to stressors that deteriorate mental health. This study determined depression and anxiety prevalence and their associated factors in students from four medical schools in northern Peru. A cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students from Lambayeque, Peru. The Goldberg Anxiety and Zung Depression tests were applied. The dependent variables were depression and anxiety, and their association with covariates (age, sex, type of university, socioeconomic level, experience, family problem, and physical activity) was evaluated. Prevalence ratios were calculated using generalized linear models. Of 482 students, the prevalence of anxiety was 61.8% and depression was 22.0%. A severe level of anxiety was observed in 6.2% in the group between 16 and 20 years old. It was observed that private university students had higher frequencies of having depression (PR = 2.01) and anxiety (PR = 1.35); males had a lower risk of anxiety (PR = 0.82), but higher risk of depression compared to females (PR = 1.45). Performing physical activity decreased the prevalence of depression (PR = 0.53); however, it increased the frequency of anxiety (PR = 1.26). Having family problems increased the prevalence of anxiety (PR = 1.26). Medical students from private universities experienced higher rates of depression and anxiety. Depression and anxiety were associated with gender and physical activity. These findings highlight the importance of mental health promotion due to its link with quality of life and academic performance.

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Factors Associated with Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Peruvian University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Prevalence and factors associated with fear of COVID-19 in military personnel during the second epidemic wave in Peru

Prevalence and factors associated with fear of COVID-19 in military personnel during the second epidemic wave in Peru

Prevalence and factors associated with fear of COVID-19 in military personnel during the second epidemic wave in Peru

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Anxiety and Depression in Peruvian Medical Students

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