Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in Cameroon and Nigeria: a web-based cross-sectional study

Aseneh, Jerry Brown; Agbor, Valirie Ndip; Kadia, Benjamin Momo; Okolie, Elvis Anyaehiechukwu; Ofomata, Chinelo Janefrances; Etombi, Christie Linonge; Ekaney, Domin Sone Majunda; Fru, Yvonne Walburga Joko

doi:10.1093/inthealth/ihad013

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In contrast, the following factors were associated with VH, gender [ 50 , 55 , 85 , 86 , 89 , 94 ], age [ 50 , 53 , 58 , 64 , 73 , 86 , 94 ], ethnicity [ 64 ], education level [ 50 , 55 , 70 , 85 ], religion [ 71 ], marital status [ 58 ], presence of chronic illness [ 62 ], cadre [ 50 , 58 , 64 , 71 , 84 , 93 ], and income level [ 58 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social Ecological Model: A Framework for Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Healthcare Workers—A Scoping Review

Naidoo,

Meyer-Weitz,

Govender

2023

Vaccines

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Vaccination plays a crucial role in combating the global COVID-19 pandemic. Immunizing all healthcare workers (HCWs) is essential for increasing vaccine confidence and acceptance within the general population. Understanding the factors that hinder or facilitate vaccine uptake among HCWs is of utmost importance, considering they are among the first to be vaccinated. This review follows Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage methodological framework. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, ProQuest, WorldCat Discovery, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed articles published from 2020 to 2023. A descriptive analysis and narrative synthesis approach were employed to collect and synthesize data. Using the social-ecological model as a framework, the literature was categorized into themes at the intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels. We reviewed a total of fifty-three published academic articles, with the majority of studies conducted in Ethiopia and Nigeria. The intention for vaccine uptake resulted in an unsatisfactory (52%) overall uptake rate among HCWs. Individual-level determinants associated with vaccine uptake included being male, middle-aged, being a physician, having a higher level of education, and having a chronic illness. This review identified significant barriers at each level, such as safety concerns, perceived scientific uncertainty, vaccine ineffectiveness, lack of trust in stakeholders, and religious beliefs. Additionally, we identified facilitators at each level, with the most common factors promoting intention to uptake being the desire to protect oneself and others and a high perceived susceptibility to contracting COVID-19. This review highlights the existence of significant barriers to vaccine uptake on the African continent. Given that HCWs play a crucial role in guiding the public’s vaccination decisions, it is imperative to prioritize education and training efforts about the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social Ecological Model: A Framework for Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Healthcare Workers—A Scoping Review

Naidoo,

Meyer-Weitz,

Govender

2023

Vaccines

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite the effectiveness of many strategies that have been put in place to facilitate the distribution of the vaccines in Africa [ 7 ], an unpredicted resistance of the population to get vaccinated has been noticed [ 4 , 13 ]. As documented by other studies, many theories could explain this controversy, and factual evidence has pointed to poor information or misinformation as the major factors that spark fears of potential side effects of the vaccines [ 6 , 14 , 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even if some studies have reported misinformation, mistrust of vaccine safety and effectiveness, and religion as just some of the factors associated with COVID-19 hesitancy, vaccine hesitancy is a context-dependent phenomenon that should be examined and monitored regarding local reality [ 4 , 12 , 13 ]. Previous studies have reported that in Cameroon, the lack of confidence in approved vaccines as well as concerns about vaccine side effects were associated with vaccine hesitancy amongst health personnel [ 6 , 14 ]. Still, no community-based study, to the best of our knowledge, has investigated the reason for COVID-19 vaccine refusal in Cameroon in general.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Refusal: A Community-Based Study in the Menoua Division in Cameroon

Tetsatsi,

Nguena,

Deutou

et al. 2023

TropicalMed

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COVID-19, which was named in March 2020 as a global pandemic by the WHO, remains a serious public health threat worldwide. Despite the adoption of vaccines as an effective strategy to counter this pandemic, the vaccination rate in Cameroon is far lower than that planned by the Cameroonian government and its partners. The main objective of this study was to determine the factors limiting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in the Menoua Division in the West Region of Cameroon. A community-based cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted between March and April 2022 in the Menoua Division. A pre-tested questionnaire was filled out by willing participants of more than 18 years old, and data were further expressed in order to estimate the knowledge of participants on COVID-19, vaccine status, and the factors associated with vaccine refusal. A Pearson test was performed in order to identify the associated factors, with a p-value < 0.05 considered as significant. A total of 520 participants with a mean age of 33.27 ± 12.78 were included. Most had a secondary education level (56.15%), and trade and informal sectors (34.04%) were the main occupations. Knowledge on COVID-19 was average, and it was significantly associated (p < 0.05) with gender and education level. The vaccination rate was 10%, which was six times less than the national target. A lack of information, confidence, and medicinal plant use were all factors significantly associated with vaccine refusal. This pioneer community-based study in Cameroon identified a lack of knowledge, confidence, and medicinal plant use as the leading factors limiting COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Cameroon. Health authorities should therefore strengthen sensitization in order to tackle the lack of information and the misinformation among the target groups.

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“…In Chad, 21% of participants in a survey reported lacking trust in the government as a factor related to their refusal to vaccinate [76]. Another study among healthcare workers in Cameroon and Nigeria based on a web-based cross-sectional study also determined mistrust in the pharmaceutical industries, the government, and public health regulatory authorities in uenced their decision to refuse vaccination [77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine Inequity: A Threat to Africa’s Recovery from COVID-19

Wei,

Kamande,

Lang'at

2023

Preprint

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Vaccine inequity is a reality facing the Sub-Saharan Africa region as vaccine nationalism from the high income countries (HICs) leads to limited access to the life saving vaccines needed to end the pandemic. In Africa, a significant portion of the population has yet to be vaccinated against Covid-19; however, the barrier to access such vaccines, including capacity challenges, still persist despite the implementation of the COVAX facility meant to support the LMICs to boost vaccination. In this systematic review, we report that vaccine nationalism remains a challenge for LMICs as the HICs still hoard the vaccines and even bypass COVAX to procure doses directly from the manufacturers. Factors that promote vaccine hesitancy in Africa include misinformation regarding the Covid-19 vaccine, a lack of trust in politicians and the pharmaceutical industry, and concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy. The policies implemented to enhance vaccine coverage in Africa, such as mandates, community engagement, and partnerships, all seek to promote equity of vaccination and ending Covid-19.

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Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in Cameroon and Nigeria: a web-based cross-sectional study

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

The Social Ecological Model: A Framework for Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Healthcare Workers—A Scoping Review

The Social Ecological Model: A Framework for Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Healthcare Workers—A Scoping Review

Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Refusal: A Community-Based Study in the Menoua Division in Cameroon

Vaccine Inequity: A Threat to Africa’s Recovery from COVID-19

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