Factors Associated with Depression among Wage Earners by Subjective Health and Stress Perception

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze factors associated with depression among wage earners by subjective health and stress perception. Methods: The study subjects include 1,787 wage earners(aged 19 and older) who are currently working, using data from the 2014 National Health and Nutrition Survey. Data were analyzed using frequency test, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression. Results: Multiple regression analysis showed that perceived stress level, subjective health status, age, monthly household income, sex, marital status, average daily sleeping time, and whether type of employment was regular or non-regular were significantly related to depression. Conclusions: It is necessary to develop an appropriate mental health promotion program and to manage prevention of depression at the national level.

Do depression and its associated factors differ in women daytime and shift workers?: an analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2018

“…The analysis of personal income related to depression showed that lower personal income for both daytime and shift workers corresponded to higher levels of depression. This is consistent with previous studies which have found that lower income groups experience higher levels of depression [27][28][29]. In addition, this study found differences in depression levels according to personal income were greater among shift workers than among daytime workers.…”

“…This is somewhat consistent with the results of a study on paid workers that showed higher rates of depression among younger workers, especially those between 19 and 39 years old [27]. The high level of depression among workers aged 19 to 39 years compared to other age ranges reflects the socioeconomic environment of South Korea, where there has been an increase in youth unemployment, nontraditional employment, and job insecurity [27]. In addition, people in their 30s often experience a new family environment due to getting married and having chil- The reference groups for dummy variables were as follows: age (≥60 years), personal income (high), marital status (married), perceived health status (good), smoking status (no), cancer screening (yes), unmet medical needs (no), and unmet dental needs (no).…”

“…Age affected depression differently, however, between daytime and shift workers, with daytime workers experiencing higher levels of depression in the 19-29 years age range than in the 60 years and older range, while shift workers experienced higher levels of depression in the 30-39 years range than in the 60 years and older range. This is somewhat consistent with the results of a study on paid workers that showed higher rates of depression among younger workers, especially those between 19 and 39 years old [27]. The high level of depression among workers aged 19 to 39 years compared to other age ranges reflects the socioeconomic environment of South Korea, where there has been an increase in youth unemployment, nontraditional employment, and job insecurity [27].…”

“…The number of average hours slept on weeknights was related to depression only among female daytime workers, and depression was high among women who slept fewer than 5 hours on average per night. This can be understood in the same context as prior studies finding that workers who slept for fewer than 7 hours per night on average had a 2.16 times higher incidence of depression [20], and that fewer hours of sleep resulted in a higher degree of depression [27]. Sleep and depression are closely related [25], and sleep disorders can lead to depression [19].…”