Factors Associated with Depression in Patients with Schizophrenia

Golubovic, Boris; Gajic, Zoran; Ivetić, Olga; Milatovic, Jovan; Vuleković, Petar; Đilvesi, Đula; Golubović, Sonja; Vrban, Filip; Subašić, Ante; Rasulic, Lukas

doi:10.20471/acc.2020.59.04.06

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Previous studies in patients with schizophrenia found that baseline depression severity was negatively correlated with remission after treatment for 1 year 57 and that alleviation of depressive symptoms increased the likelihood of remission 27 , consistent with our findings. Patients with first-episode psychosis and co-occurring depression have poorer treatment outcomes (e.g., more severe symptoms, longer hospitalization, poorer functioning and quality of life, lower remission rates, and a higher risk of psychotic relapse and suicide) than patients without depression 58 – 60 . Depressive symptoms correlate with positive and negative symptoms in patients with first-episode psychosis 61 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory markers of symptomatic remission at 6 months in patients with first-episode schizophrenia

Kim,

Baek,

Kim

et al. 2023

Schizophr

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Neuroinflammation contributes to the pathophysiology of various mental illnesses including schizophrenia. We investigated peripheral inflammatory cytokines as a biomarker for predicting symptomatic remission in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. The study included 224 patients aged 15–60 years who fulfilled the criteria for schizophrenia spectrum disorder with a treatment duration ≤6 months. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α, interferon-γ, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12 were measured. Psychotic symptoms, depressive symptoms, and general functioning were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, and Personal and Social Performance scale, respectively. Duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) was also recorded. We investigated the factors associated with remission for each sex in logistic regression analysis. In total, 174 patients achieved remission at the 6-month follow-up (females, 83.5%; males, 70.9%). Remission was associated with older age and lower BDI scores in male patients and with lower TNF-α levels and shorter DUP in female patients. Our findings suggest that peripheral inflammatory cytokines may impede early symptomatic remission in female patients with schizophrenia. In addition, depressive symptoms in males and long DUP in females may be poor prognostic factors for early remission in patients with first-episode psychosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory markers of symptomatic remission at 6 months in patients with first-episode schizophrenia

Kim,

Baek,

Kim

et al. 2023

Schizophr

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“…And also, the study of Balci et al 16 found prevalence of some medical diseases like hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and coronary artery disease, was more than twice bigger in depressed schizophrenic patients. In a study by Sari et al 17 found depression rate in schizophrenia is found as 42.5%.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Screening for Depression among Schizophrenia Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Al-Ruwais¹,

AlHarbi²,

Abalkhail³

et al. 2021

Eastern Journal of Psychiatry

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“…Comorbid depression in schizophrenia is found to be more prevalent in middle-income compared to high-income countries [ 2 ]. This can be explained by the fact that risk factors for comorbid depression in schizophrenia, such as trauma, social adversity, and medical conditions [ 8 , 30 ], occur highly frequently in Low-Middle-Income Countries (such as the Arab Middle East and North Africa region [ 31 – 33 ]). For instance, studies found prevalence rates of depression in patients with schizophrenia of 25.6% in Saudi Arabia [ 34 ], 30% in Egypt [ 35 ], 36.3% in Qatar [ 34 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation and optimal cut-off score of the World Health Organization Well-being Index (WHO-5) as a screening tool for depression among patients with schizophrenia

Fekih-Romdhane,

Al Mouzakzak,

Abilmona

et al. 2024

BMC Psychiatry

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Background The utility of the World Health Organization Wellbeing Index (WHO-5) as rapid screening tool for depression has not yet been researched in the context of schizophrenia. The goals of this study were twofold: (1) to test the psychometric properties of the WHO-5 in a sample of Arabic-speaking patients with schizophrenia from Lebanon, with particular emphasis on validating the WHO-5 as a screening tool for wellbeing and depression in patients with schizophrenia; and (2) to determine the optimal cut-off point to identify schizophrenia patients with depression. Methods Chronic, remitted patients with schizophrenia took part in this cross-sectional study between August and October 2023 (n = 117; mean age of 57.86 ± 10.88 years and 63.3% males). The Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) was included as index of validity. For the validation of the WHO-5 scale, we performed a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using the original structure of the scale. To assess the discriminatory validity of the Arabic version of the WHO-5 as a screening tool for depression, we conducted a Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, taking the WHO-5 reversed score against the dichotomized CDSS score at a cut off value of 6. Results The results of CFA supported the originally proposed unidimensional structure of the measure, with good internal consistency reliability (α = 0.80), concurrent validity, and cross-sex measurement invariance. The WHO-5 showed a sensitivity of 0.8 and a specificity of 0.7 in the detection of depression with a cut-off point of 9.5. The validity of the WHO-5 as a screening tool for depression was supported by the excellent discrimination AUC value of 0.838. Based on this WHO-5 cut-off value, 42.6% of the patients were screened as having a depression. Conclusion The study contributes to the field by showing that the WHO-5 is a concise and convenient self-report measure for quickly screening and monitoring depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. It is therefore highly recommended to apply this cut-off point for screening and follow-up assessments. The current findings will hopefully encourage clinicians and researchers working in Arab settings, who are often confronted with significant time and resource constraints, to start using the WHO-5 to aid their efforts in mitigating depression in this vulnerable population and fostering research in this under-researched area.

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Factors Associated with Depression in Patients with Schizophrenia

Cited by 8 publications

References 39 publications

Inflammatory markers of symptomatic remission at 6 months in patients with first-episode schizophrenia

Inflammatory markers of symptomatic remission at 6 months in patients with first-episode schizophrenia

Screening for Depression among Schizophrenia Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Validation and optimal cut-off score of the World Health Organization Well-being Index (WHO-5) as a screening tool for depression among patients with schizophrenia

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