Factors associated with efficacy of first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small-cell lung cancer

Abstract

The finding of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, which reflects a classical process of translational research, is a critical milestone for non-small-cell lung cancer treatment. Currently, epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors are recommended as first-line therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor-sensitive mutations. The status of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation is widely acknowledged as superior to other clinical factors, such as smoking, gender, and histological types for predicting the response to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, recent studies have shown that the efficacy might differ in patients with the same epidermal growth factor receptor-sensitive mutations, highlighting the need to investigate the putative factors related to the efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This article reviews the factors associated with clinical efficacy of first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as gefitinib and erlotinib, and analyzes their potential implications with respect to clinical application. In addition, new findings related to clinical practice with respect to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors efficacy were summarized in this article.

Genomic signatures define three subtypes of EGFR-mutant stage II–III non-small-cell lung cancer with distinct adjuvant therapy outcomes

“…NKX2-1 copy number gain is a widely prevalent oncogene found in up to 30% of EGFRmutant patients 10 . NKX2-1 amplification has been more frequently observed in TKI-treated patients with extended progression-free survival (≥24 months) and was reported to predict favorable TKI response 14,43 . These findings were consistent with its enrichment in the HTP population with relative gefitinib benefit.…”

FGF-2-Induced Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Seeded on a Human Acellular Amniotic Membrane Scaffold Accelerated Tendon-to-Bone Healing in a Rabbit Extra-Articular Model

“…Many growth factors have been discovered and applied to tissue engineering technology, including transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) [27], epidermal growth factor (EGF) [28], vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) [29], and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) [30]. Among them, FGF-2 (basic fibroblast growth factor) has been widely used in tissue engineering technology due to its unique advantages [31].…”