Factors Associated With Glucose and Insulin Levels in Healthy Postmenopausal Women

Barrett‐Connor, Elizabeth; Schrott, Helmut G.; Greendale, Gail A.; Kritz‐Silverstein, Donna; Espeland, Mark A.; Stern, Michael P.; Bush, Trudy L.; Perlman, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.2337/diacare.19.4.333

Cited by 41 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Many of the existing studies found a significant relationship between insulin sensitivity and physical activity in men but not in women (14,15,31). Although the current study demonstrated a significant relation between mean insulin concentration and physical activity in both men and women, the association was relatively stronger in the men of both populations.…”

Section: Statistical Analysis For Both Population Studiescontrasting

confidence: 87%

Association of Physical Activity and Serum Insulin Concentrations in Two Populations at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes but Differing by BMI

et al. 2001

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OBJECTIVE -Physical activity and insulin sensitivity are related in epidemiological studies, but the consistency of this finding among populations that greatly differ in body size is uncertain. The present multiethnic epidemiological study examined whether physical activity was related to insulin concentrations in two populations at high risk for diabetes that greatly differ by location, ethnic group, and BMI.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -The study populations consisted of 2,321 nondiabetic Pima Indian men and women aged 15-59 years from Arizona and 2,716 nondiabetic men and women aged 35-54 years from Mauritius. Insulin sensitivity was estimated by mean insulin concentration (average of the fasting and postload insulin), and total (i.e., leisure and occupational) physical activity was assessed by questionnaire.RESULTS -Pima men and women who were more active had significantly (P Ͻ 0.05) lower mean insulin concentrations than those less active (BMI and age-adjusted means were 179 vs. 200 and 237 vs. 268 pmol/l). Similar findings were noted in Mauritian men and women (94 vs. 122 and 127 vs. 148 pmol/l). In both populations, activity remained significantly associated with mean insulin concentration controlled for age, BMI, waist-to-thigh or waist-to-hip ratio, and mean glucose concentrations.CONCLUSIONS -Physical activity was negatively associated with insulin concentrations both in the Pima Indians, who tend to be overweight, and in Mauritians, who are leaner. These findings suggest a beneficial role of activity on insulin sensitivity that is separate from any influence of activity on body composition.

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Section: Statistical Analysis For Both Population Studiescontrasting

confidence: 87%

Association of Physical Activity and Serum Insulin Concentrations in Two Populations at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes but Differing by BMI

et al. 2001

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“…Our findings in a nationally representative sample of US adults extend the findings in community-based studies that fasting insulin levels in non-Hispanic blacks and Mexican Americans are higher than in non-Hispanic whites [15][16][17][18][19][20]. Few population-based investigations have characterized ethnic variability in fasting C-peptide levels.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Higher fasting insulin but lower fasting C‐peptide levels in African Americans in the US population

Harris

Cowie

et al. 2002

Diabetes Metabolism Res

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We found wide variations in fasting insulin and fasting C-peptide levels by race and ethnicity in US adults that were not explained by confounding factors, primarily measures of obesity. Most notably, the higher fasting insulin and lower fasting C-peptide levels in blacks implies that there is a derangement in insulin clearance and an impairment in beta-cell function in blacks compared with whites and Mexican Americans.

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“…To date, all animal studies on insulin resistance have been conducted in monkeys, rats or transgenic mice fed with a normal chow or a moderately HFD, an unhealthy diet contributing to a growing worldwide incidence of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases [21]. Data from several research groups have demonstrated that postmenopausal women, as compared to premenopausal women, have increased fasting insulin [22,23] and increased fasting glucose levels [24], indicating a worsened insulin sensitivity after menopause. It was reported that ovariectomy, usually used to investigate the mechanisms responsible for menopause-related complications, could result in glucose intolerance and insulin resistance by induced estrogen deficiency [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Caveolin-3 is involved in the protection of resveratrol against high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance by promoting GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane in skeletal muscle of ovariectomized rats

Tan

Zhou

et al. 2012

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Factors Associated With Glucose and Insulin Levels in Healthy Postmenopausal Women

Abstract: Most of the variance in glycemia and insulin is unexplained. Measures of obesity and fat distribution account for nearly all the explained variance.

Cited by 41 publications

References 38 publications

Association of Physical Activity and Serum Insulin Concentrations in Two Populations at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes but Differing by BMI

Association of Physical Activity and Serum Insulin Concentrations in Two Populations at High Risk for Type 2 Diabetes but Differing by BMI

Higher fasting insulin but lower fasting C‐peptide levels in African Americans in the US population

Caveolin-3 is involved in the protection of resveratrol against high-fat-diet-induced insulin resistance by promoting GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane in skeletal muscle of ovariectomized rats

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