Factors Associated with Malaria Prevalence Among Lira University Students at Lira University Hospital, 2022. A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background Malaria is a leading cause of death and disease in many developing countries. Lira district remains an endemic area for malaria in Uganda, East Africa, greatly impacting and affecting the lives of many individuals who live and travel to the place. Objective The study investigated the factors associated with Malaria prevalence among Lira University students. Methodology: A cross-sectional study using both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods was used involving 340 participants between March and April 2023. Quantitative data was obtained from 324 participants through a systematic random sampling technique using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data was entered and analyzed in SPSS version 26 at univariate, bivariate and multivariate levels. Chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis and binary logistic regression for multivariate analysis. Qualitative data was collected from 16 participants using a Key Informant interview guide and data was analyzed manually through thematic content analysis of major themes that emerged from the participants’ responses. Results The prevalence of malaria among the students was 13.3% (95% CI = 9.6–16.99). The major factors that were associated with the malaria prevalence were staying around bushy areas (p-value = 0.035) and use of mosquito nets (p-value = 0.028). Conclusion The prevalence of malaria among Lira University students was 13.3%. Factors associated with the prevalence of malaria were staying around busy areas and use of mosquito nets. Interventions such as increasing awareness about malaria prevention and encouraging slashing bushes around hostels should be done.