Factors Associated with Moral Distress and Caring Behavior of Nurses Working in Emergency Departments of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences During COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Introduction: Moral distress is one of the prevalent problems of nursing which causes stress, that leads to nurses being unable to show a proper moral function in the critical situations. Moreover, due to the stressful conditions in emergency department, caring behaviors of nurses is of great importance. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with moral distress and caring behaviors of nurses working in emergency departments in educational-medical centers of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences during COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: This study was descriptive-analytical which was conducted through stratified and convenience sampling, and by participation of 188 nurses working in emergency departments in 5 educational-medical centers of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in 2020. Data was collected through standard three-section questionnaire of demographic information, Corley moral distress and Wolf caring behaviors of nurses, and its validity and reliability was confirmed. Data was analyzed by using descriptive (mean and standard deviation, frequency and percentage) and analytical statistics (Mann–Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation coefficient). Finding: Moral distress mean score of nurses working in emergency was 20/97±101/60 and they had 92/4% of average moral distress. Caring behavior of nurses was 8/62±101/60. Gender and marital status variables had a significant relation with caring behavior, in a way that male nurses and married nurses had a lower score (p<0.05). the relation between moral distress and caring behavior was NOT statistically significant. Final conclusion: Nursing staff must have a good command of their caring behavior so that caring will be presented in high quality, and patients and help-seekers’ satisfaction who come to the emergency, especially in COVID-19 pandemic, will be met. Thus, it is necessary that health and medical system managers provide educational programs to draw nurses’ attention to their caring behavior dimensions, especially in emergency departments. Key words: moral distress, caring behavior, emergency department nurse, COVID-19 pandemic

Effect of spiritual health in the quality of nursing care for patients with covid-19

“…According to the findings, most of the studied nurses were at an average level in terms of spiritual health. In other studies, the level of spiritual health of nurses was reported as average [23][24][25] . In a study that was conducted to investigate the nurses' perceptions of the competence of spiritual care, preparation and barriers to provide spiritual care, and the frequency of providing spiritual care, the participants generally stated that they are competent in providing spiritual care 26 .…”

Ethical Sensitivity and its Association with Caring Behavior among Healthcare Workers in Delta State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…The finding is in line with that of Talebian et al and Shmilovitz, Itzhaki and Koton. 22,24 The researchers reported a significant gender difference in caring behavior with females reporting more caring behavior than males. The third hypothesis which stated that there will be a significant gender difference in ethical sensitivity was also not supported as the results were not in line with the research hypothesis.…”

“…Previous studies outside Nigeria have shown that gender influences the caring behavior of healthcare workers. 22 Individuals who reported higher masculinity and femininity have been shown to have higher caring behavior. 23 Shmilovitz, Itzhaki and Koton found a significant gender difference in caring behavior with females reporting more caring behavior than males.…”