Factors Associated With Neonatal Pneumonia and its Mortality in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nair, N. Sreekumaran; Lewis, Leslie Edward; Dhyani, Vijay Shree; Murthy, Shruti; Godinho, Myron Anthony; Lakiang, Theophilus; Venkatesh, Bhumika T

doi:10.1007/s13312-021-2374-4

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…If not treated in time, it will induce infection of the lungs and other organs, threatening their life and health. [13] Therefore, strengthening the preventive nursing of neonatal pneumonia is very key to its treatment and prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of Pediatric Early Warning Score combined with SBAR in neonatal pneumonia nursing: A retrospective cohort study

Zhu

Hong

et al. 2023

Medicine

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To observe the effect of the Pediatric Early Warning System (PEWS) score combined with the situation-background-assessmentrecommendation (SBAR) shift communication system in neonates with severe pneumonia in the pediatric intensive care unit. A total of 230 neonates admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit of our hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 were enrolled in this study. Participants were divided into an experimental group (110 patients, PEWS score combined with SBAR shift communication system) and a control group (120 patients, routine diagnosis and treatment and shift change). The early recognition rate, incidence of handover problems, and prognosis of critically ill children in the 2 groups were analyzed. Compared to the control group, the correct recognition rate of disease observation and early recognition rate of critically ill children in the experimental group were significantly higher, and the incidence of handover problems was significantly lower (P < .05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of asphyxia, heart failure, and toxic encephalopathy between both groups. The application of the PEWS score combined with the SBAR shift communication system can facilitate timely identification of deterioration of the condition of children with severe pneumonia, reduce handover problems, and help to implement interventions or rescue according to the changes in a patient's condition, which may be beneficial in improving the patient's prognosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The value of Pediatric Early Warning Score combined with SBAR in neonatal pneumonia nursing: A retrospective cohort study

Zhu

Hong

et al. 2023

Medicine

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“…Precise infections, asphyxia, and prematurity are perinatal-related events that are important contributors to neonatal death, especially in developing regions of the world. [ 15 ] As it has been practiced in high-income countries, applying antenatal and perinatal controls and determining critical cases to refer them to specialized pediatric clinics is essential. This is because the time a newborn loses is priceless and too costly for both the baby and society.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of sudden neonatal mortality disclosed by autopsy and histopathological examination

Özdemir Kara

2023

Medicine

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The neonatal period, or the first 28 days of life, is the most vulnerable time in a child’s life. Neonatal mortality has decreased in recent years. However, this progress varies at the national level, which necessitates actual regional data from different countries to identify local handicaps for life-saving precautions. This study aimed to investigate the causes for neonatal deaths as revealed by autopsy and histopathological examinations. A retrospective cross-sectional study was designed to identify the main causes of neonatal deaths in children who were autopsied at our institution between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2021. Children who died within the first 28 days after birth (1–28 days of age) were referred to as neonatal cases. The main causes of neonatal death in children were determined via autopsy and histopathological and toxicological examinations. Furthermore, the causes of death were classified according to their manner of death. During this period, 122 neonatal children were autopsied at our institution. This group comprised 57 girls and 65 boys. For the manner of the death, natural causes were the most common cause (n = 91, 74.5%). Among natural causes, pneumonia (n = 66) was the leading one, representing 54% of all neonatal deaths, followed by perinatal conditions (n = 16, 13.1%). One of the pioneering reasons for death was sudden, unexpected postnatal collapse (n = 24, 19.6%), which was categorized under the undetermined group considering the manner of death. Unintentional (accidental) deaths accounted for 0.8% (n = 1) of total deaths, and intentional deaths were responsible for 6 neonates (4.9%) losses. This study shows that newborn children still die from simple and treatable infectious causes, probably arising from various familial and/or public inadequacies. In addition, sudden and unexpected postnatal collapse remains an important cause of neonatal mortality that has yet to be fully resolved. This study points out valuable inferences for caregivers and competent authorities to take preventive measures to prevent avoidable neonatal deaths.

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“…Neonatal pneumonia (NP) is a severe respiratory infectious disease that occurs in the neonatal period [1,2], characterized by sudden onset and rapid changes in the state of an illness. Without timely and effective diagnosis and treatment, NP may induce multi-organ and multisystem dysfunction, including heart and respiratory failure, and even death [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phentolamine Protects against Apoptosis and Inflammation in a Neonatal Pneumonia Cell Model Induced by LPS by Regulating the TrkA/Akt Signaling Pathways

Liu,

Wu,

Chen

et al. 2024

Discovery Medicine

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Background: Phentolamine is an α-adrenergic receptor blocker that can be used to treat neonatal pneumonia, but its underlying mechanism is unclear. The purpose of this study is to probe the function of phentolamine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and cell death in an in vitro model of neonatal pneumonia. Methods: Human MRC-5 cells were incubated with varying doses of phentolamine in vitro to evaluate cell viability. Subsequently, LPS was introduced to further investigate the combined effects of phentolamine and LPS on cell viability and apoptosis in MRC-5 cells. The effect of phentolamine/LPS treatment on the Neurotrophic Tyrosine Kinase Receptor A (TrkA)/Protein Kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway and the phosphorylation of pathway proteins in MRC-5 cells was further analyzed via western blot. Additionally, knockout of TrkA and Akt genes in MRC-5 cells was performed to explore the effects of phentolamine/LPS treatment on cell viability, apoptosis levels, and inflammatory factor levels in MRC-5 cells. Results: Preincubation of MRC-5 cells with a low concentration of phentolamine (≤6 µg/mL) protected against LPS-induced cell inflammatory injury. Phentolamine promoted both TrkA and Akt phosphorylation and Akt activation induced by LPS in MRC-5 cells. The protective effect of phentolamine against LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation was significantly reduced in response to TrkA or Akt gene knockdown in MRC-5 cells. Conclusions: Phentolamine may protect LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation by activating the TrkA and Akt signaling pathways.

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Factors Associated With Neonatal Pneumonia and its Mortality in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

The value of Pediatric Early Warning Score combined with SBAR in neonatal pneumonia nursing: A retrospective cohort study

The value of Pediatric Early Warning Score combined with SBAR in neonatal pneumonia nursing: A retrospective cohort study

Causes of sudden neonatal mortality disclosed by autopsy and histopathological examination

Phentolamine Protects against Apoptosis and Inflammation in a Neonatal Pneumonia Cell Model Induced by LPS by Regulating the TrkA/Akt Signaling Pathways

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