This study aimed to investigate the current contract rate and residents’
willingness to contract with general practitioner (GP) services in Guangzhou,
China, during the policy trial phase, and also to explore the association of
behavior contract and contract willingness with variables based on Andersen’s
Behavioral Model of Health Services Use (ABM). In total, 160 residents from
community health centers (CHCs) and 202 residents from hospitals were recruited
in this study. The outcome variables were behavior contract and contract
willingness. Based on the framework of ABM, independent variables were
categorized as predisposing factors, enabling factors, need factors, and CHC
service utilization experiences. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression
analysis models were applied to explore the associated factors. Out of 362
participants, 14.4% had contracted with GP services. For those who had not
contracted with GP services, only 16.4% (51 out of 310) claimed they were
willing to do so. The contract rate for community-based participants was
significantly higher than that for hospital-based participants. Major reasons
for not choosing to contract were perceiving no benefit from the service and
concerns about the quality of CHCs. Community health center experiences and
satisfaction were significantly associated with contracting among hospital-based
participants. A need factor (diagnosed with hypertension or diabetes) and CHC
service utilization experiences (have gotten services from the same doctor in
CHCs) were significantly associated with contract willingness among CHC-based
participants. Intervention to improve awareness of GP services may help to
promote this service. Different intervention strategies should be used for
varying resident populations.