Factors Associated With Residency and Career Dissatisfaction in Childbearing Surgical Residents

Rangel, Erika L.; Lyu, Heather; Haider, Adil H.; Castillo-Ángeles, Manuel; Doherty, Gerard M.; Smink, Douglas S.

doi:10.1001/jamasurg.2018.2571

Cited by 132 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“… 16 , 17 Without formal policies to support female surgeons during pregnancy and thereafter, they may face stigma and perceive a lack of support. 18 , 19 As such, female surgeons are more likely to delay parenthood compared to their male colleagues. 20 Recent evidence suggests that female surgeons compared with other specialties are more likely to use assisted reproduction, have a longer time to conceive and take a shorter maternity leave.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous literature has observed that a lack of maternity leave policies, obstacles to breastfeeding, 10 and stigma from colleagues results in a female surgeon’s increased desire to choose a less demanding specialty 24 and revisit their career choice. 19 In light of this evidence, it is clear that the dissatisfaction of female residents and faculty may deter qualified medical students from selecting a career in surgery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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State of Gender Diversity and Equity Policies within Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Canada

Retrouvey

Jakubowski

Lipa

et al. 2020

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Background: Given the growing number of women in plastic and reconstructive surgery (PRS), it is imperative to evaluate the extent of gender diversity and equity policies among Canadian PRS programs to support female trainees and staff surgeons. Methods: A modified version of the United Nations Women’s Empowerment Principles (WEPs) Gender Gap Analysis tool was delivered to Canadian PRS Division Chairs (n = 11) and Residency Program Directors (n = 11). The survey assessed gender discrimination and equity policies, paid parental leave policies, and support for work/life balance. Results: Six Program Directors (55% response rate) and ten Division Chairs (91% response rate) completed the survey. Fifty percent of respondents reported having a formal gender non-discrimination and equal opportunity policy in their program or division. Eighty-three percent of PRS residency programs offered paid maternity/paternity/caregiver leave; however, only 29% offered financial or non-financial support to its staff surgeons. Only 33% of programs had approaches to support residents as parents and/or caregivers upon return to work. Work/life balance was supported for most trainees (67%) but only few faculty members (14%). Conclusions: The majority of Canadian PRS programs have approaches rather than formal policies to ensure gender non-discrimination and equal opportunity among residents and faculty. Although residency programs support wellness, few have approaches for trainees as parents and/or caregivers upon return to work. At the faculty level, approaches and policies lack support for maternity/paternity/caregiver leave or work/life balance. This information can be used to develop policy for support of plastic surgery trainees and faculty.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

State of Gender Diversity and Equity Policies within Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Canada

Retrouvey

Jakubowski

Lipa

et al. 2020

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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“…[4][5][6] Parenting-related considerations can affect specialty and program choice as well as the training experience, including the possibility of extending the duration of training. [7][8][9][10] However, trainee perceptions about parenting challenges and resources are not completely understood. Most studies examining trainees with children focus on 1 specialty 9,[11][12][13][14][15][16] or examine 1 aspect of parenting-parental leave, [17][18][19][20] childcare, 1 or lactation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9][10] However, trainee perceptions about parenting challenges and resources are not completely understood. Most studies examining trainees with children focus on 1 specialty 9,[11][12][13][14][15][16] or examine 1 aspect of parenting-parental leave, [17][18][19][20] childcare, 1 or lactation. 21 Information about the needs of trainees with children across specialties is needed to inform institutional and national policies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parenting While in Training: A Comprehensive Needs Assessment of Residents and Fellows

Magudia¹,

Ng²,

Bick

et al. 2020

Journal of Graduate Medical Education

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Background Parenting issues can affect physicians' choice of specialty or subspecialty, as well as their selection of individual training programs, because of the distinctive challenges facing residents and fellows with children. Specific information about how residents perceive these challenges is limited. Objective We sought to better understand the challenges associated with parenting during residency and fellowship training in order to inform policy and research. Methods In 2017, a voluntary online questionnaire was distributed to all 2214 Partners HealthCare graduate medical education trainees across 285 training programs. The survey queried attitudes of and about trainees with children and assessed needs and experiences related to parental leave, lactation, and childcare. Responses were compared between subgroups, including gender, surgical versus nonsurgical specialty, parental status, and whether the respondent was planning to become a parent. Results A total of 578 trainees (26%) responded to the questionnaire. Of these, 195 (34%) became parents during training. An additional 298 (52%) planned to become parents during training. Respondents overwhelmingly agreed that their institution should support trainees with children (95%) and that doing so is important for trainee wellness (98%). However, 25% felt that trainees with children burden trainees without children. Childcare access, affordability, and availability for sufficient hours were identified as key challenges, along with issues related to parental leave, lactation facilities, and effect on peers. Conclusions This survey highlights trainees' perspectives about parenting during their clinical training, signaling parental leave, lactation facilities, and childcare access and affordability as particular challenges and potential targets for future interventions.

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“…The lack of specific parental leave policies has been documented across specialty training programs and is associated with career dissatisfaction in general surgery residents. 1,11,13 Further studies are warranted to elucidate the relationships between other specific support structures and resident performance and well-being.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of Parenting Residents Among Family Medicine Residency Directors

Morris

Lindbloom

Kruse

et al. 2018

Fam Med

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Background and Objectives: Parenting during residency is increasingly common, and resident parents face unique demands on their time and emotional and cognitive resources. Physicians at all levels of training perceive negative impacts of parenting on career and family life. Surveys of program directors (PDs) in other specialties reveal concern about performance and quality of life of parenting residents. The primary aims of this study were to examine family medicine PDs’ perceptions of parenting residents’ performance and the adequacy of parenting support structures. Methods: Data were collected from the 2017 Council of Academic Family Medicine (CAFM) Educational Research Alliance (CERA) Family Medicine Residency Program Directors survey. Directors provided the number and status of parenting residents and rated adequacy of parenting resources, resident performance, and impact of parenting on residents using a Likert scale. Results were compared between male/female PDs and male/female residents. Results: Response rate was 57.1%. Less than half of PDs reported adequate parenting support structures in their program (46%). Over 40% of PDs reported that 81%-100% of female residents who take parental leave end up extending their residency training, the most common response category. PDs did not report gender-based differences in performance of parenting residents. PDs most often reported significantly worse well-being for female parenting residents but perceived improved well-being of male parents. Conclusions: Less than half of family medicine PDs feel their program has adequate parenting resources. Female parenting residents commonly extend residency training. PDs perceive parenting negatively impacts well-being of female residents, but not male residents.

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Factors Associated With Residency and Career Dissatisfaction in Childbearing Surgical Residents

Cited by 132 publications

References 38 publications

State of Gender Diversity and Equity Policies within Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Canada

State of Gender Diversity and Equity Policies within Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery in Canada

Parenting While in Training: A Comprehensive Needs Assessment of Residents and Fellows

Perceptions of Parenting Residents Among Family Medicine Residency Directors

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