Factors Associated With Scoliosis in Schoolchildren: a Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study

Abstract

BackgroundThe present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of scoliosis and to analyze the factors associated with scoliosis in schoolchildren aged between 7 and 17 years.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional and quantitative study with stratified random selection of public school students in the city of Santa Cruz, Brazil. The presence of scoliosis was examined, as well as the flexibility of the posterior muscle chain, socioeconomic characteristics, anthropometry, lifestyle habits, sexual maturation, and ergonomics of school furniture. In order to identify factors associated with scoliosis, the variables were divided in biological, socioeconomic, lifestyle, and ergonomic factors, and crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) were estimated by means of Poisson regression analysis.ResultsTwo hundred and twelve pupils participated in this study (mean age 11.61 years, 58% female). The prevalence of scoliosis was 58.1% (n = 123) and associated with female sex (PR 2.54; 95% CI, 1.33–4.86) and age between 13 and 15 years (PR 5.35; 95% CI, 2.17–13.21). Sleeping in a hammock was inversely associated with scoliosis (PR 0.44; 95% CI, 0.23–0.81).ConclusionsScoliosis seems to be positively associated with female sex and age between 13 and 15 years, whereas the habit of sleeping in a hammock is negatively associated with the onset of scoliosis.

4-year Longitudinal Study of the Assessment of Body Posture, Back Pain, Postural and Life Habits of Schoolchildren

“…However, both boys and girls presented an oscillation in scoliosis prevalence, while in boys there were significant differences according to repeated measures ANOVA, and in a general, boys presented slightly higher prevalence comparing to girls. This finding is interesting once the literature shows the female gender is an associated factor to scoliosis (Baroni et al, 2015;Burgoyne & Fairbank, 2001), but there are indications in literature of similar behaviour of scoliosis in boys and girls (Nery, Halpern, Nery, Nehme, & Stein, 2010;Rocha, Tatmatsu, & Vilela, 2012).…”

“…There are several studies describing postural standards in Brazilian schoolchildren (Baroni et al, 2015;Noll, Rosa, Candotti, Furlanetto, & Gontijo, 2012;Sedrez et al, 2014). Even if we accept that body posture is not static, it tends to modify itself over the time, mainly during growth (Cil et al, 2005;Leboeuf, Letellier, Alos, Edery, & Moldovan, 2009).…”

Klapp method effect on idiopathic scoliosis in adolescents: blind randomized controlled clinical trial

“…It is characterized by a three-dimensional vertebra deviation, which has lateral inclination in frontal plane, along with contralateral rotation in transverse plane and alignment in sagittal plane 1 ) . Scoliosis has been associated with uneven growth of intervertebral disks 2 ) , pubertal growth 3 ) , as well as imbalance of stabilizing deep spinal muscles 2 ) . However, in most cases (80–85%) the cause is unknown, and it is called idiopathic scoliosis.…”

Relação Entre Flexibilidade Muscular Da Cadeia Posterior E Alteração Postural Em Escolares

“…, alterações posturais, principalmente a escoliose(SANTOS et al, 2017;ASSIS, 2016;BARONI et al, 2015).A escoliose idiopática do adolescente (EIA) é definida como sendo uma deformidade tridimensional complexa da coluna vertebral(SCHLOSSER et al, 2014) caracterizada por uma curvatura lateral, no plano frontal, associada ou não à rotação contralateral dos corpos vertebrais no plano transverso e retificação no plano sagital(ASSIS, 2016;OLIVEIRA et al, 2014).A EIA acomete adolescentes saudáveis, com uma prevalência de cerca de 3% na população geral, podendo causar deformidades progressivas com repercussões estéticas, funcionais e psicossociais(OLIVEIRA et al, 2014;FADZAN et al, 2017). Ainda que, a expressão 'idiopática' indique uma etiologia desconhecida da escoliose, a literatura tem evidenciado alguns fatores que podem ser úteis para esclarecer a origem desta disfunção da coluna vertebral(SCHLOSSER et al, 2014) Grieve et al (2015).…”

“…de escolares com gibosidade. O resultado encontrado indica encurtamento da cadeia muscular posterior com relação positiva a presença de gibosidade (Qui²=9,412; p=0,002) (tabela 2).Resultado semelhante foi encontrado porBaroni et. al (2015) em seu estudo, onde observaram que 74,8% daqueles que apresentavam escoliose não tocavam o chão, apresentando significativa associação com a escoliose (PR=2,07).Tabela 2.…”