Factors associated with seminal impairment in HIV-infected men under antiretroviral therapy

Jerónimo, Adrián; Baza, María Begoña; Río, Isabel; Vera, Mar; Hernando, Victoria; Castilla, Jesús; Rodrı́guez, Carmen; Romero, Jorge del

doi:10.1093/humrep/dew321

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Pilatz et al [17] compared semen parameters in a smaller sample of 116 HIV-1 positive patients under HAART to the WHO reference values and found that, in each category of semen parameters, about 25% of patients had semen parameters below the fifth percentile of WHO reference values, in line with our results. More recently, a prospective study conducted on 139 HIV-infected men showed median values of semen parameters within the normal WHO range, but up to 19% of HIV-positive males under stable therapy showed at least one parameter of semen quality below the normal range [18]. Morever, this study showed no associations between HAART duration and semen quality, in line with our findings [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…More recently, a prospective study conducted on 139 HIV-infected men showed median values of semen parameters within the normal WHO range, but up to 19% of HIV-positive males under stable therapy showed at least one parameter of semen quality below the normal range [18]. Morever, this study showed no associations between HAART duration and semen quality, in line with our findings [18]. Conversely, a significant association between exposure to EFV and the presence of sperm dysmotility was identified by Frapsauce et al [14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy on semen parameters of a cohort of 770 HIV-1 infected men

et al. 2019

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Background HIV-1 infected patients show impaired semen parameters. Currently, it is not clear whether HIV-1 infection itself or antiretroviral therapy have an effect on semen parameters. We aim evaluate semen quality in a large cohort of fertile HIV-1 infected men under stable highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to assess the effect of HAART type and duration on semen parameters. Materials and methods Between January 2010 and June 2014, we enrolled in a retrospective case-control study 770 HIV-1 patients under stable HAART asking a reproductive counselling with their HIV negative partner. Co-infections with HBV or HCV, genital tract infections and known causes of infertility represented exclusion criteria. Semen samples were analysed and compared with the WHO reference values. A multivariate analysis including HAART type and duration, age, viral load and CD4 count, was performed on 600 patients out of 770. Results The median values of all semen parameters were significantly lower among HIV-1 infected patients compared to the WHO reference group, with a significant proportion of patients having values below the 5th percentile of the WHO reference value. In a multivariate analysis, only age and viral load negatively impacted progressive motility (β -0.3 (95% CI: -0.5; -0.0) %, p<0.05) and semen morphology (β -0.00 (95% CI: -0.00; -0.00) %, p≤0.01), while no associations were detected as regards HAART type and duration. Conclusions HIV-1 infected patients showed a significant impairment of semen parameters compared to the reference values. HAART type and duration showed no associations with semen quality. Further research is needed to investigate implications for clinical care of HIV infected men desiring a child.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy on semen parameters of a cohort of 770 HIV-1 infected men

et al. 2019

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“…It has been reported that ROS may affect the fluidity of the plasma membrane of the sperm cell resulting in germ cell apoptosis, thereby affecting the sperm count (Aitken & Fisher, ; Agarwal et al ., ). Although our study never assessed the effects of the individual component of HAART, Efavirenz has been reported to negatively affect sperm motility (Frapsauce et al ., ; Jerónimo et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Growing evidence has shown that HAART has deleterious effects on the testes and the overall reproductive capacity of men (Frapsauce et al ., ; Jerónimo et al ., ). It has been observed that antiretroviral therapy is associated with an increased amount of collagen deposits in the testes evidenced by interstitial fibrosis, cellular infiltration, and thickening of the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules (Ogedengbe et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Naringenin attenuates highly active antiretroviral therapy‐induced spermDNAfragmentations and testicular toxicity in Sprague‐Dawley rats

et al. 2017

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SUMMARYHighly active antiretroviral therapy has evolved over the years, leading to a boost in the quality of life in people living with HIV and AIDS. However, growing evidence has shown that highly active antiretroviral therapy has deleterious effects on the testes and the overall reproductive capacity. Therefore, this study is to determine the adjuvant potential of Naringenin on highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced perturbations in fertility of male Sprague-Dawley rats. Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups viz -Control; H: 30 mg/kg of highly active antiretroviral therapy (EFV, 600 mg + FTC, 200 mg + TDF, 300 mg); N40: Naringenin, 40 mg/kg; N80: Naringenin, 80 mg/kg; HN40: highly active antiretroviral therapy + Naringenin, 40 mg/kg; HN80: highly active antiretroviral therapy + Naringenin, 80 mg/kg. The rats were euthanized after 4 weeks. Results showed that there was a significant decrease in sperm count (p < 0.001), spermatozoa with normal morphology (p < 0.001) and progressive sperm motility (p < 0.05) of H compared to the control and the HN groups. Likewise, fragmentations increased (p < 0.05) in tail lengths of sperm DNA in H compared to control. HN40 and HN80 decreased tail lengths compared to H (p < 0.001). There was also a decrease in %tail DNA and tail moment in HN40 (p < 0.001) compared to H. Luteinizing hormone significantly increased (p < 0.05) in HN40, HN80, and N40 (p < 0.001) but decreased in H (p < 0.05) compared to control. The diameter of the seminiferous tubules also decreased (p < 0.05) in H compared to control, N80, and HN40. Likewise, the area of the seminiferous tubules in group H decreased (p < 0.05) compared to N80 and HN80. The seminiferous tubules epithelium increased (p < 0.05) in N40 and HN40 compared to H. This study establishes that highly active antiretroviral therapy has deleterious effects on the testicular microanatomy, sperm parameters, and sperm DNA of Sprague-Dawley rats, which may impair fertility but Naringenin is a potential complimentary adjuvant.

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“…Semen parameters in HIV+ men attending fertility clinics have been extensively studied. Overall, relatively mild alterations were reported, along with modifications to the sperm mitochondrial DNA (324,691). These alterations, observed in asymptomatic men with controlled viral loads, are believed to occur as a secondary effect of antiretroviral molecules and not as a consequence of the infection itself.…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 96%

From Ancient to Emerging Infections: The Odyssey of Viruses in the Male Genital Tract

Tortorec

Matusali

Mahé

et al. 2020

Physiological Reviews

103

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The male genital tract (MGT) is the target of a number of viral infections that can have deleterious consequences at the individual, offspring, and population levels. These consequences include infertility, cancers of male organs, transmission to the embryo/fetal development abnormalities, and sexual dissemination of major viral pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus. Lately, two emerging viruses, Zika and Ebola, have additionally revealed that the human MGT can constitute a reservoir for viruses cleared from peripheral circulation by the immune system, leading to their sexual transmission by cured men. This represents a concern for future epidemics and further underlines the need for a better understanding of the interplay between viruses and the MGT. We review here how viruses, from ancient viruses that integrated the germline during evolution through old viruses (e.g., papillomaviruses originating from Neanderthals) and more modern sexually transmitted infections (e.g., simian zoonotic HIV) to emerging viruses (e.g., Ebola and Zika) take advantage of genital tract colonization for horizontal dissemination, viral persistence, vertical transmission, and endogenization. The MGT immune responses to viruses and the impact of these infections are discussed. We summarize the latest data regarding the sources of viruses in semen and the complex role of this body fluid in sexual transmission. Finally, we introduce key animal findings that are relevant for our understanding of viral infection and persistence in the human MGT and suggest future research directions.

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Factors associated with seminal impairment in HIV-infected men under antiretroviral therapy

Abstract: No external funding was used for this study. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy on semen parameters of a cohort of 770 HIV-1 infected men

Effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy on semen parameters of a cohort of 770 HIV-1 infected men

Naringenin attenuates highly active antiretroviral therapy‐induced spermDNAfragmentations and testicular toxicity in Sprague‐Dawley rats

From Ancient to Emerging Infections: The Odyssey of Viruses in the Male Genital Tract

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