Factors associated with small- and large-for-gestational-age in socioeconomically vulnerable individuals in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort

Falcão, Ila Rocha; Silva, Rita de Cássia Ribeiro; Almeida, Márcia Furquim de; Fiaccone, Rosemeire Leovigildo; Silva, Natanael J; Paixão, Enny S.; Ichihara, Maria Yury; Rodrigues, Laura C.; Barreto, Maurício Lima

doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqab033

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Studies suggest low-socioeconomic status, reproductive history, medical condition, and lifestyle of the mother and healthcare utilization attributed to the higher prevalence of low-birth-weight infants. [6][7][8] The prevalence of low birth weight is a significant public health problem in Nepal. Even with maternal and child health being the priority of our health strategy, there hasn't been a significant reduction in the number of low-birth-weight babies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Weight and Its Associated Factors Among Live Births at Chitwan Medical College, Nepal

Chhetri

Tripathi²,

Joshi³

et al. 2022

JCMC

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Background: Birth weight or size at birth is an essential indicator of the child’s vulnerability to the risk of childhood illnesses and diseases. Birth weight also predicts a child’s future health, growth, psychosocial development, and chances of survival. This study aimed to assess birth weight among live births in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. Methods: A Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted using face-to-face interviews in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. A total of 153 women giving live births were considered as a sample. The data was collected from14 August to 13 September. We used the Pearson’s Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis to assess the factors influencing birth weight among women giving live births in Chitwan Medical College Results: Among 153 women giving live births, birth weight of newborn among live births 119(77.8%) had normal birth weight, 31(20.3%)low birth weight, 3(2%) very low birth weight. Result shows that birth weight among live births differ significantly with [ethnicity (OR=1.94;CI(0.7-5.39)], [family income (OR=1.72(0.20-14.81)], [weeks of pregnancy (OR=2.01;(0.99-8.46)], [birth interval(OR=2.45(0.39-15.34)], [planned pregnancy (OR=1.26(0.33-4.73)], [any chronic disease(OR=1.72(0.97-4.58)], [diet in pregnancy (OR=2.11(0.20-15.07)], [ANC check-up(OR=6.75(2.44-18.64)]. Conclusions: Almost one-fourth of live births had low birth weight. Multiple arrays of factors were associated with birth weight, which must be addressed. Adequate antenatal care visits integrated with nutritional supplementation and family planning services should be a focus to reduce low birth weight among live births.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Weight and Its Associated Factors Among Live Births at Chitwan Medical College, Nepal

Chhetri

Tripathi²,

Joshi³

et al. 2022

JCMC

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“…All the analyses were conducted using the available covariables, which were considered plausible and relevant in literature [21][22][23] . In order to select the contextual variables and the theoretical framework, correlation analysis was conducted to evaluate multicollinearity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between food environments and fetal growth in pregnant Brazilian women

Victor

Gotine

Falcão

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Introduction Birth weight is described as one of the main determinants of newborns’ chances of survival. Among the associated causes, or risk factors, the mother’s nutritional status has a strong influence on fetal growth and “birth weight” outcomes of the concept. This study evaluates the association between food deserts in small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA) and low birth weight (LBW) newborns. Design This is a cross-sectional population study, resulting from individual data from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC), and municipal data from mapping food deserts (CAISAN) in Brazil. The newborn’s size was defined as follows: appropriate for gestational age (between 10 th and 90 th percentile), SGA (<10 th percentile), LGA (>90 th percentile), and low birth weight <2,500g. To characterize food environments, we used tertiles of the density of establishments which sell in natura and ultra-processed foods. Logistic regression modeling was conducted, in order to investigate the associations of interest. Results We analyzed 2,632,314 live births in Brazil in 2016. Following due adjustment, it was observed that women from municipalities in which there was a limited supply of in natura foods presented a higher chance of a SGA [OR 2nd tertile :1.06 (1.05-1.07)] and LBW [OR 2nd tertile : 1.11(1.09-1.12)] newborn. On the other hand, municipalities in which there was a greater supply of ultra-processed foods presented higher chances for a SGA [OR 3rd tertile :1.04 (1.02-1.06)] and LBW [OR 2nd tertile :1.13 (1.11-1.16)] newborn. Stratification showed that black and mixed-race women were associated with SGA [OR 3rd tertile : 1.09 (1.01-1.18)] and [OR 3rd tertile :1.06 (1.04-1.09)], respectively, and mixed-race women were also associated with LBW [OR 3rd tertile :1.17 (1.14-1.20)], while indigenous women were associated with LGA [OR 3rd tertile : 1.20(1.01-1.45)]. Conclusions Living in areas with limited access to healthy foods was associated with an increased chance of SGA and low weight newborns, especially in black and mixed-race women. Initiatives focused on minimizing the effects of these food environments, and which aim to reduce social inequalities are urgently required in the Brazilian context.

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“…We did not find an association of SES or demographic characteristics with LGA. Poorer SES was found to be a risk factor for both SGA and LGA among poorer populations Brazil [30]. However, this could be due to differing stages in nutritional transition between Brazil and Nepal.…”

Section: Demographic and Socioeconomic Statusmentioning

confidence: 91%

Demographic, socio-economic, obstetric, and behavioral factors associated with small-and large-for-gestational-age from a prospective, population-based pregnancy cohort in rural Nepal: a secondary data analysis

Hazel

Mohan

Zeger

et al. 2022

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background In South Asia, a third of babies are born small-for-gestational age (SGA). The risk factors are well described in the literature, but many studies are in high-and-middle income countries or measure SGA on facility births only. There are fewer studies that describe the prevalence of risk factors for large-for-gestational age (LGA) in low-income countries. We aim to describe the factors associated with SGA and LGA in a population-based cohort of pregnant women in rural Nepal. Methods This is a secondary data analysis of community-based trial on neonatal oil massage (22,545 women contributing 39,479 pregnancies). Demographic, socio-economic status (SES), medical/obstetric history, and timing of last menstruation were collected at enrollment. Vital signs, illness symptoms, and antenatal care (ANC) attendance were collected throughout the pregnancy and neonatal weight was measured for live births. We conducted multivariate analysis using multinomial, multilevel logistic regression, reporting the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Outcomes were SGA, LGA compared to appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) and were multiply imputed using birthweight recalibrated to time at delivery. Results SGA was associated with nulligravida (OR: 2.12 95% CI: 1.93–2.34), gravida/nulliparous (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.26–2.74), interpregnancy intervals less than 18 months (OR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07–1.27), and poor appetite/vomiting in the second trimester, (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.19–1.35). Greater wealth (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.69–0.88), swelling of hands/face in the third trimester (OR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69–0.94) parity greater than five (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65–0.92), male fetal sex (OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86–0.98), and increased weight gain (OR: 0.93 per weight kilogram difference between 2nd and 3rd trimester, 95% CI: 0.92–0.95) were protective for SGA. Four or more ANC visits (OR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.41–0.68) and respiratory symptoms in the third trimester (OR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54–0.84) were negatively associated with LGA, and maternal age < 18 years (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.03–1.87) and respiratory symptoms in the second trimester (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.07–1.51) were positively associated with LGA. Conclusions Our findings are in line with known risk factors for SGA. Because the prevalence and mortality risk of LGA babies is low in this population, it is likely LGA status does not indicate underlaying illness. Improved and equitable access to high quality antenatal care, monitoring for appropriate gestational weight gain and increased monitoring of women with high-risk pregnancies may reduce prevalence and improve outcomes of SGA babies. Trial Registration The study used in this secondary data analysis was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01177111.

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Factors associated with small- and large-for-gestational-age in socioeconomically vulnerable individuals in the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort

Cited by 25 publications

References 61 publications

Birth Weight and Its Associated Factors Among Live Births at Chitwan Medical College, Nepal

Birth Weight and Its Associated Factors Among Live Births at Chitwan Medical College, Nepal

Association between food environments and fetal growth in pregnant Brazilian women

Demographic, socio-economic, obstetric, and behavioral factors associated with small-and large-for-gestational-age from a prospective, population-based pregnancy cohort in rural Nepal: a secondary data analysis

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