Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Hearing Loss after Pneumococcal Meningitis

Worsøe, Lise; Cayé‐Thomasen, Per; Brandt, Christian; Thomsen, Jens; Østergaard, Christian Richter

doi:10.1086/656409

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The use of systemic steroids in the management of meningitis remains controversial. 51 A 2013 Cochrane Database review looked at 25 randomized controlled trials of corticosteroid use (4121 subjects) in acute bacterial meningitis. For the group as a whole, they found a significantly reduced rate of hearing loss and neurologic sequelae, although overall mortality was not reduced.…”

Section: Bacterial Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired Hearing Loss in Children

Kenna

2015

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

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Section: Bacterial Meningitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquired Hearing Loss in Children

Kenna

2015

Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America

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“…Relevant questions, such as “are there differences between the inflammatory responses caused by different etiologic agents of BM?” remain to be answered. This comparative study is important because BM continues to have a high occurrence and the outcome from pneumococcal meningitis (PM) differs from that of meningococcal meningitis (MM) [18,19]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal-fluid cytokine and chemokine profile in patients with pneumococcal and meningococcal meningitis

et al. 2013

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BackgroundBacterial meningitis is characterized by an intense inflammatory reaction contributing to neuronal damage. The aim of this study was to obtain a comparative analysis of cytokines and chemokines in patients with pneumococcal (PM) and meningococcal meningitis (MM) considering that a clear difference between the immune response induced by these pathogens remains unclear.MethodsThe cyto/chemokines, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-1Ra, CXCL8/IL-8, CCL2/MCP-1, CLL3/MIP-1α, CCL4/MIP-1γ and G-CSF, were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with PM and MM. Additionally, a literature review about the expression of cytokines in CSF samples of patients with MB was made.ResultsConcerning cytokines levels, only IFN-γ was significantly higher in patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae compared to those with Neisseria meningitidis, regardless of the time when the lumbar puncture (LP) was made. Furthermore, when samples were compared considering the timing of the LP, higher levels of TNF-α (P <0.05) were observed in MM patients whose LP was made within 48 h from the initial symptoms of disease. We also observed that the index of release of cyto/chemokines per cell was significantly higher in PM. From the literature review, it was observed that TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 are the best studied cytokines, while reports describing the concentration of the cytokine IL-2, IL-1Ra, G-CSF and CCL4/MIP-1β in CSF samples of patients with bacterial meningitis were not found.ConclusionThe data obtained in this study and the previously published data show a similar profile of cytokine expression during PM and MM. Nevertheless, the high levels of IFN-γ and the ability to release high levels of cytokines with a low number of cells are important factors to be considered in the pathogenesis of PM and thereby should be further investigated. Moreover, differences in the early response induced by the pathogens were observed. However, the differences observed are not sufficient to trigger changes in the current therapy of corticosteroids adopted in both the PM and MM.

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“…Regardless, such an atypical skin eruption, chronologically associated with cerebral vasculitis, has not been described in a child with pneumococcal meningitis to date. However, a low CSF glucose level, which was profoundly low (2 mg/dL) in our patient, is an established significant risk factor for hearing loss after pneumococcal meningitis [8,9]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unusual exanthema combined with cerebral vasculitis in pneumococcal meningitis: a case report

et al. 2011

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IntroductionBacterial meningitis is a complex, rapidly progressive disease in which neurological injury is caused in part by the causative organism and in part by the host's own inflammatory responses.Case presentationWe present the case of a two-year-old Greek girl with pneumococcal meningitis and an atypical curvilinear-like skin eruption, chronologically associated with cerebral vasculitis. A diffusion-weighted MRI scan showed lesions with restricted diffusion, reflecting local areas of immunologically mediated necrotizing vasculitis.ConclusionsAtypical presentations of bacterial meningitis may occur, and they can be accompanied by serious unexpected complications.

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Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Hearing Loss after Pneumococcal Meningitis

Abstract: Hearing loss is common after pneumococcal meningitis, and audiometry should be performed on all those who survive pneumococcal meningitis. Important risk factors for hearing loss are advanced age, female sex, severity of meningitis, and bacterial serotype.

Cited by 53 publications

References 19 publications

Acquired Hearing Loss in Children

Acquired Hearing Loss in Children

Cerebrospinal-fluid cytokine and chemokine profile in patients with pneumococcal and meningococcal meningitis

Unusual exanthema combined with cerebral vasculitis in pneumococcal meningitis: a case report

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