Factors associated with unprotected sexual practice among men and women with mental illnesses in Brazil

Peixoto, Eliane Rezende de Morais; Barros, Fabiana Cristina Ribeiro de; Guimarães, Mark Drew Crosland

doi:10.1590/0102-311x00029313

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Research has shown that psychiatric symptoms are often not the direct cause of sex risk behavior; instead, indirect socioeconomic factors like financial instability and partner violence [11] and individual characteristics such as substance use and attitudes toward sex [8, 10] may drive sex risk behavior. There are a number of effective interventions to reduce sex risk among this population in the short term, but research assessing sustained effects is needed [19, 20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, these researchers found that alcohol use was associated with HIV risk behavior, while demographic factors were not. In a national Brazilian sample of nearly 2,500 participants from inpatient psychiatric hospitals and community mental health clinics, half of whom had an SMI diagnosis, 60% of participants were sexually active in the past 6 months [11]. As with the Nigerian sample, high rates of HIV risk behaviors were reported among those who were sexually active, including 30% sex trading, 82% inconsistent condom use, and 26% multiple partners in the past 6 months.…”

Section: Primary Hiv Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Emerging results emphasize the important role of social determinants, as well as how individual characteristics and behaviors that frequently co-occur with SMI may contribute to HIV risk. In the Brazilian cohort described above, multivariate analyses assessed factors associated with recent unprotected sex [11]. For men, unprotected sex in last 6 months was associated with being married, low income, living with children or a partner, depression or anxiety, and lifetime cigarette smoking.…”

Section: Primary Hiv Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is some research to suggest that HIV risk behavior is the direct result of psychiatric symptoms (e.g., hypersexuality during manic episodes) [5, 6], growing evidence suggests that HIV transmission risk in SMI populations is much more complex and often occurs as an indirect consequence of multiple individual, social, and system factors [7–11]. Factors such as a history of homelessness, experience of sexual violence, early sexual debut, drug or alcohol use during sex, and lifetime illicit drug use, which are disproportionately common among persons with SMI, increase risk of HIV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Primary and Secondary HIV Prevention Among Persons with Severe Mental Illness: Recent Findings

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Persons with severe mental illness (SMI) have been disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic, with higher rates of HIV prevalence and morbidity than the general population. Recent research has advanced our understanding of the complex factors that influence primary and secondary HIV prevention for those with SMI. Sex risk in this population is associated with socioeconomic factors (e.g., low income, history of verbal violence) and other health risk behaviors (e.g., substance use, no prior HIV testing). Several interventions are effective at reducing risk behavior, and reviews highlight the need for more well-controlled studies that assess long-term outcomes. Recent research has elucidated barriers that interfere with HIV treatment for SMI populations, including individual (e.g., apathy, substance use), social (e.g., stigma), and system factors (e.g., transportation, clinic wait times). Interventions that coordinate HIV care for individuals with SMI show promise as cost-effective methods for improving medication adherence and quality of life.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Primary Hiv Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Primary Hiv Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Primary and Secondary HIV Prevention Among Persons with Severe Mental Illness: Recent Findings

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gender-based inequalities, including cultural values (e.g., men should have many partners, women should be monogamous), socioeconomic context (e.g. unequal access to education, employment, increased violence, and restricted reproductive rights among women) which potentially place women at a disadvantage for negotiating safer sex or refusing unwanted sex, can partially explain differential rates of unprotected sex reported among men and women [25].…”

Section: Depression As a Promoter Of Risk Behavior For Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression as a risk factor for HIV infection

Neto¹,

Rodrigues²,

Neto³

et al. 2015

Int Arch Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Major depression is the most common psychiatric diagnosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). However a few studies have focused on clinical depression as a risk factor for HIV infection. There are evidences to show that individuals with depressive symptoms can be predisposed to diseases such as HIV infection. Literature point out that the negative influence of depression as a risk factor for HIV can be explained because physical deterioration or depression can result in fatigue, physical impairment, and loss of motivation and self-confidence to engage in food and income generating activity. Other authors point out that this increased risk is thought to be due to high rates of substance use including injection drug use (IDU), risky sexual behavior, sexual victimization, and prostitution. It´s consensus that are needed social support for HIV-infected patients that includes treatment for depression and substance abuse. Screening of depression should also be conducted regularly to provide a full psychiatric profile to decrease the risk of depression and improve quality of life in this population.

show abstract

Changes in Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Predict Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Young Men Living in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Young men are important targets in HIV prevention in Tanzania and throughout sub-Saharan Africa. Anxiety and depression are common among youth and may be important predictors of HIV risk behaviors; evidence of these relationships in high-risk populations is needed. Using baseline and 1 year follow-up assessments from an HIV prevention trial we assessed the association between changes in symptoms of anxiety and depression and follow-up sexual risk behaviors (condom use and sexual partner concurrency) controlling for baseline sexual risk behaviors among 1113 male members of social groups known as "camps" in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Anxiety and depression were measured using the HSCL-25 and condom use and sexual partner concurrency were assessed through self-report. In separate models, increases in anxiety and depression were associated with sexual partner concurrency and with lower levels of condom use. In a combined model, both anxiety and depression appeared to independently affect concurrency but only depression was independently associated with condom use, with the association between anxiety and condom use being likely attributable to covariance with depression symptoms. The results of this study indicate the importance of screening and providing treatment for depression and anxiety disorders in high HIV-prevalence contexts, and the need to develop effective HIV prevention interventions targeting young men living with anxiety and depression.

show abstract

Factors associated with unprotected sexual practice among men and women with mental illnesses in Brazil

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

Primary and Secondary HIV Prevention Among Persons with Severe Mental Illness: Recent Findings

Primary and Secondary HIV Prevention Among Persons with Severe Mental Illness: Recent Findings

Depression as a risk factor for HIV infection

Changes in Anxiety and Depression Symptoms Predict Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Young Men Living in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About