Factors associated with untreated remissions from alcohol abuse or dependence

Cunningham, John A.; Lin, Elizabeth; Ross, Helen E.; Walsh, Gordon

doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(98)00130-0

Cited by 79 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…These data are consistent with previous findings in this sample that alcohol dependence runs a typical clinical course which includes duration as well as symptomatology (3). These data are not consistent with the notion that, from the standpoint of remission, there may be two groups of alcohol dependent individuals: those with early onset who have a shorter course of alcoholism and those with later onset who have a longer course that has been suggested for other populations (16,40).…”

Section: In Contrast To Dawson and Colleaguessupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Thirty-six percent were in recovery, defined as showing no signs of alcohol dependence and either abstinent or drinking at levels below those considered to constitute risk drinking in the preceding year. These rates of remission are similar to those found in other epidemiologic studies of remission and recovery from alcohol dependence in the United States (15), Canada (16), and Germany (17).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…In this study, the rate of six month full remission from DSM-III-R alcohol dependence with one-month clustering of 59% is comparable to the U.S. epidemiological rate of one year full remission from prior to past year DSM-IV alcohol dependence of 48% (14), the one year partial remission rate of 64% in a German representative population sample (17), and the one year full remission rate from alcohol abuse and dependence of 53% found in Ontario, Canada (16). Despite the high rate of one month clustered DSM-III-R alcohol dependence of 49% in this sample, the rate of full remission is comparable to studies of predominantly European ancestry populations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Factors Associated With Remission From Alcohol Dependence in an American Indian Community Group

Gilder¹,

Lau²,

Corey³

et al. 2008

AJP

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Objective-This study identified factors associated with remission from DSM-III-R alcohol dependence in an American Indian community group.Method-Participants were assessed using the Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA).Results-Five hundred and eighty participants were assessed for alcohol use and alcohol use symptoms; 254 participants were found to have alcohol dependence. The rate of remission in this sample was 59%. Thirty-four percent of remitters and 39% of non-remitters had received treatment for alcohol problems. Remission from alcohol dependence was associated with being female, older, and married; an earlier age of onset of alcohol dependence; and self-reported depression symptoms from drinking. Absence of remission was associated with continuing to drink despite knowing one had medical problems from drinking and self-reported anxiety symptoms from drinking.Conclusion-Attention to factors associated with remission from alcohol dependence may be important in designing more effective treatment and prevention programs in this high risk population.

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Section: In Contrast To Dawson and Colleaguessupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Factors Associated With Remission From Alcohol Dependence in an American Indian Community Group

Gilder¹,

Lau²,

Corey³

et al. 2008

AJP

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“…The focus on psychosocial and contextual infl uences as predictors of remission is puzzling because most measures of social capital such as family support, employment, or social networks are themselves directly affected by excessive alcohol consumption. The focus on psychosocial and contextual correlates of remission is also puzzling because identifi ed predictors of remission from alcoholism account for relatively little of the outcome variance (Cunningham et al, 2000;Dawson et al, 2006;Klingemann, 2001;Moos and Moos, 2007). Lifetime alcoholism severity continues to serve as the strongest and most reliable predictor of the future drinking of an individual with an alcoholuse disorder (Moos and Moos, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pronounced waxing and waning of maladaptive drinking over time by most individuals with an alcohol-use disorder is striking among those who receive treatment for their drinking problem as well as those who do not (Bischof et al, 2001;Cunningham et al, 2000;Klingemann, 2001;Moos and Moos, 2007;Sobell et al, 1996Sobell et al, , 2000Tucker, 2003;White, 2006). Contemporary research indicates that a substantial number of alcoholic drinkers manage to stop drinking or to stop problematic drinking on their own without assistance (Dawson et al, 2005(Dawson et al, , 2006Klingemann, 2001;Moos, 2003, 2006;Russell et al, 2001;Walters, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Premorbid Predictors of Alcohol Dependence Also Predict the Failure to Recover From Alcoholism?

Penick¹,

Knop²,

Nickel³

et al. 2010

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: In a search for viable endophenotypes of alcoholism, this longitudinal study attempted to identify premorbid predictors of alcohol dependence that also predicted the course of alcoholism. Method: The 202 male subjects who completed a 40-year follow-up were originally selected from a Danish birth cohort (N = 9,182). Two thirds of the subjects were high-risk biological sons of treated alcoholics. A large number of measures (361) were obtained at different periods before any subject had developed an alcohol-use disorder. At age 40, a psychiatrist provided mutually exclusive lifetime diagnoses of alcohol abuse or alcohol dependence that were characterized as currently active or currently in remission according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised, course specifi ers. Results: The majority of subjects with a diagnosis of alcohol abuse were in remission at age 40 compared with those with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence (88% vs. 58%). Treatment did not predict remission. Fourteen of the 18 predictors of remission that also predicted dependence were submitted to an exploratory factor analysis (varimax). Two premorbid dimensions were identifi ed: cognitive effi ciency and early behavioral dyscontrol in childhood. Both factors predicted the failure to remit (low cognitive effi ciency and high behavioral dyscontrol) even when lifetime alcoholism severity was controlled. Conclusions: This 4-decade study found a striking disconnect between measures that predicted alcohol dependence and measures that predicted remission from alcohol dependence. I N THE LAST 60 YEARS, prospective longitudinal studies have attempted to identify the premorbid antecedents of the alcohol-use disorders, especially alcohol dependence, by examining subjects before drinking problems began and following them into adulthood (Goodwin et al., 1994;Hill et al., 2000;Knop et al., 2003;Trim et al., 2010;Vaillant, 1995Vaillant, , 2003Zucker, 2006). The number of premorbid research domains that have been investigated is quite large and range from genetic, family history, and developmental domains through personality, social, and behavioral domains, to cultural and social context domains. These longitudinal studies have produced lists of replicated risk factors that are thought to function as premorbid predictors or markers of alcoholism. Among the best established of these premorbid risk factors are family history of alcoholism; male gender; behavioral deviance of all sorts in early childhood, especially that associated with impulsivity; unstable family environment; lower social class; high "innate" tolerance to the effects of alcohol; early age at onset of problem drinking; and peer pressure.It is frequently assumed that risk factors known to increase the probability of developing an alcohol-use disorder are the same as those that interfere with or impede the recovery from alcoholic drinking. Despite the seemingly reasonable assumption that premorbid risk factors also predict the course of alc...

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Remission From Drug Dependence Symptoms and Drug Use Cessation AmongWomen Drug Users in Puerto Rico

Warner¹,

Alegrı́a²,

Canino³

2004

Arch Gen Psychiatry

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Factors associated with untreated remissions from alcohol abuse or dependence

Cited by 79 publications

References 7 publications

Factors Associated With Remission From Alcohol Dependence in an American Indian Community Group

Factors Associated With Remission From Alcohol Dependence in an American Indian Community Group

Do Premorbid Predictors of Alcohol Dependence Also Predict the Failure to Recover From Alcoholism?

Remission From Drug Dependence Symptoms and Drug Use Cessation AmongWomen Drug Users in Puerto Rico

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