Factors contributing to social cognition impairment in borderline personality disorder and schizophrenia

Andreou, Christina; Kelm, Lea; Bierbrodt, Julia; Braun, Vivien; Lipp, Michael; Yassari, Amir H.; Moritz, Steffen

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.07.057

Cited by 54 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Our results are also consistent with those that Montag et al (2011) gained from studying patients with schizophrenia; the one difference being that in the sample of Montag et al (2011), affective undermentalizing was also higher amongst schizophrenia patients. Regarding undermentalizing and a lack of ToM, Andreou et al (2015) reported that these two subscales were highly correlated in their sample of patients suffering from schizophrenia or borderline personality disorder (BPD), and as a result both were merged into a single undermentalizing subscale. According to their analysis, patients with schizophrenia scored significantly higher on this newly merged undermentalizing scale than both the patients with BPD and the healthy controls, whereas on the overmentalizing scale schizophrenia patients did not differ significantly from either of the other two groups (Andreou et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding undermentalizing and a lack of ToM, Andreou et al (2015) reported that these two subscales were highly correlated in their sample of patients suffering from schizophrenia or borderline personality disorder (BPD), and as a result both were merged into a single undermentalizing subscale. According to their analysis, patients with schizophrenia scored significantly higher on this newly merged undermentalizing scale than both the patients with BPD and the healthy controls, whereas on the overmentalizing scale schizophrenia patients did not differ significantly from either of the other two groups (Andreou et al, 2015). Contrary to Montag et al (2011), there were no significant between-group differences with regards to overmentalizing in the case of affective or in the case of cognitive attributions, or in summary of the two components in our sample.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive Correlates of Different Mentalizing Abilities in Individuals with High and Low Trait Schizotypy: Findings from an Extreme-Group Design

et al. 2017

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Mentalizing or Theory of Mind (ToM) deficits in schizophrenia have been studied to great extent, but studies involving samples of trait schizotypy yield ambiguous results. Executive functions like cognitive inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and agency are all prerequisites of mentalizing, and it is assumed that the impairment of these functions contributes to ToM deficits in schizophrenia. Whether these impairments influence the ToM performance of people with high trait schizotypy remains unclear. Although impaired self-agency has repeatedly been identified in people with schizotypy, its role in mentalizing is yet to be investigated. The main aim of this study was to explore whether deficits in cognitive and affective ToM can be found in high trait schizotypy, and to identify in what way these deficits are related to the positive and negative dimensions of schizotypy. The secondary aim was to examine whether these deficits correlate with executive functions. Based on the dimensional view of the schizophrenia spectrum, an extreme-group design was applied to non-clinical volunteers demonstrating high (N = 39) and low (N = 47) trait schizotypy. Affective and cognitive ToM were investigated using the Movie for Assessment of Social Cognition, a sensitive and video-based measurement. Cognitive inhibition was assessed using the Stroop Test, and cognitive flexibility was analyzed using the Trail-Making Test. Agency was measured using a computerized self-agency paradigm. Participants in the high-schizotypy group performed significantly worse in the affective ToM task (d = 0.79), and their overall ToM performance was significantly impaired (d = 0.60). No between-group differences were found with regards to cognitive ToM, executive functions, and self-agency. Cognitive flexibility correlated negatively with positive schizotypy, and contributed to a worse overall and affective ToM. Impaired cognitive inhibition contributed to undermentalizing-type errors. It was found that non-clinical participants with high trait (positive) schizotypy – especially those with slight executive-function deficits – may have difficulties in understanding the emotional state of others and consequently in functioning in social situations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Correlates of Different Mentalizing Abilities in Individuals with High and Low Trait Schizotypy: Findings from an Extreme-Group Design

et al. 2017

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“…A further advance of this methodological approach is that it allows for the differentiation between different types of errors in mental state inference, i.e., undermentalizing and overmentalizing. Whereas the former refers to overly simplistic or even completely lacking mental state inference, the latter refers to overly complex, over‐interpretative mental state reasoning (i.e., an excessive attribution of mainly malevolent intentions to others) . Examining different kinds of errors in mental state inference could shed new light on the exact nature of social cognition in AN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social cognition in anorexia nervosa: Specific difficulties in decoding emotional but not nonemotional mental states

Brockmeyer

Pellegrino

Münch

et al. 2016

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective: Building on recent models of anorexia nervosa (AN) that emphasize the importance of impaired social cognition in the development and maintenance of the disorder, the present study aimed at examining whether women with AN have more difficulties with inferring other people's emotional and non-emotional mental states than healthy women. Results: Women with AN showed poorer emotional mental state inference, whereas non-emotional mental state inference was largely intact. Groups did not differ in undermentalizing (overly simplistic theory of mind) and overmentalizing (overly complex or over-interpretative mental state reasoning).Performance in the MASC was independent of levels of eating disorder psychopathology and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Discussion:The findings suggest that AN is associated with specific difficulties in emotional mental state inference despite largely intact non-emotional mental state inference. Upon replication in larger samples, these findings advocate a stronger emphasis on socio-emotional processing in AN treatment.

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“…Emotion can also be transmitted via speech by using rhythm, or prosody, and some studies have demonstrated that schizophrenic patients also have difficulty recognizing vocal emotions [23,29]. When listening to sentences read with emotional intonation and without it, schizophrenic patients could not make a correct distinction, as healthy subjects did without problem [2,27].…”

Section: Social Cognitive Impairment In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Schizophrenia and Social Cognition: A Review of Concepts and Treatment Options

Peñaherrera¹

2016

J Socialomics

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Social cognition is a neuropsychological domain of the human psyche, in charge of processing the information about ourselves and the people that surrounds us. This includes recognition of faces and emotions, facial expression, experience sharing, reactions, and inferring people's mental processes. Schizophrenia is the most severe condition in the psychotic disease range, presenting with both positive and negative symptoms. Social cognition is affected in schizophrenic patients, impairing their ability to function properly in society. Recent research has been done in the areas of emotion and face recognition in schizophrenics, with the aim of improving treatment options through various neuropsychiatric approaches. In the medical field, oxytocin has been discovered to be a key molecule in mediating human social performance, and its use is being studied for improving social cognition in schizophrenia. We offer a review and update on the main concepts of social cognition and its disturbances caused by schizophrenia, along with the treatment options available and the direction in which future research is heading.

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Factors contributing to social cognition impairment in borderline personality disorder and schizophrenia

Cited by 54 publications

References 92 publications

Cognitive Correlates of Different Mentalizing Abilities in Individuals with High and Low Trait Schizotypy: Findings from an Extreme-Group Design

Cognitive Correlates of Different Mentalizing Abilities in Individuals with High and Low Trait Schizotypy: Findings from an Extreme-Group Design

Social cognition in anorexia nervosa: Specific difficulties in decoding emotional but not nonemotional mental states

Schizophrenia and Social Cognition: A Review of Concepts and Treatment Options

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