Extracts from germinating soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cotyledons were assayed for aminoacyl‐tRNA formation. This esterification reaction depends on several factors, which must be determined and controlled for each system investigated. The reaction was maximum when the Mg: ATP ratio was 12.5 and concentrations were 9 and 0.72 mM, respectively. The optimum temperature for the in vitro reaction was 25°C. In addition, the reaction was inhibited by inorganic pyrophosphate and magnesium could be replaced by spermidine.